Racial diversity, child stunting and underweight: Policies design and promotion in South Africa

IF 3.5 2区 经济学 Q1 ECONOMICS Journal of Policy Modeling Pub Date : 2024-05-29 DOI:10.1016/j.jpolmod.2024.05.009
Isaac Koomson, Clifford Afoakwah, Martinson Ankrah Twumasi
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Abstract

We examine the effect of racial diversity on child stunting and underweight in post-apartheid South Africa, which has a strong history of systemic racial segregation. Using five waves of longitudinal data from the National Income Dynamics Survey (NIDS), and employing instrumental variable and propensity score matching methods, we find that racial diversity significantly reduces child stunting and underweight. This result is consistent across alternative measures of racial diversity, child stunting and underweight, and is also robust to different endogeneity-correction methods. The negative effect of racial diversity on child stunting and underweight is more pronounced among children under 5 years of age. Further analyses highlight increased employment opportunities, food expenditure per capita and financial inclusion as important channels through which racial diversity decreases stunting and underweight. We discuss the policy implications of these findings.
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种族多样性、儿童发育迟缓和体重不足:南非的政策设计与推广
在种族隔离历史悠久的种族隔离后南非,我们研究了种族多样性对儿童发育迟缓和体重不足的影响。利用国家收入动态调查(NIDS)的五波纵向数据,并采用工具变量和倾向得分匹配方法,我们发现种族多样性显著降低了儿童发育迟缓和体重不足的程度。这一结果与其他衡量种族多样性、儿童发育迟缓和体重不足的方法是一致的,而且在采用不同的内生性校正方法时也是稳健的。种族多样性对儿童发育迟缓和体重不足的负面影响在 5 岁以下儿童中更为明显。进一步的分析强调,增加就业机会、人均食品支出和金融包容性是种族多样性减少发育迟缓和体重不足的重要渠道。我们讨论了这些发现的政策影响。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
6.20
自引率
11.40%
发文量
76
期刊介绍: The Journal of Policy Modeling is published by Elsevier for the Society for Policy Modeling to provide a forum for analysis and debate concerning international policy issues. The journal addresses questions of critical import to the world community as a whole, and it focuses upon the economic, social, and political interdependencies between national and regional systems. This implies concern with international policies for the promotion of a better life for all human beings and, therefore, concentrates on improved methodological underpinnings for dealing with these problems.
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