Characterising glycosaminoglycans in human breastmilk and their potential role in infant health.

IF 4.1 3区 生物学 Q2 CELL BIOLOGY Microbial Cell Pub Date : 2024-07-04 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI:10.15698/mic2024.07.827
Melissa Greenwood, Patricia Murciano-Martínez, Janet Berrington, Sabine L Flitsch, Sean Austin, Christopher Stewart
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Abstract

Human breastmilk is composed of many well researched bioactive components crucial for infant nutrition and priming of the neonatal microbiome and immune system. Understanding these components gives us crucial insight to the health and wellbeing of infants. Research surrounding glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) previously focused on those produced endogenously; however, recent efforts have shifted to understanding GAGs in human breastmilk. The structural complexity of GAGs makes detection and analysis complicated therefore, research is time consuming and limited to highly specialised teams experienced in carbohydrate analysis. In breastmilk, GAGs are present in varying quantities in four forms; chondroitin sulphate, heparin/heparan sulphate, dermatan sulphate and hyaluronic acid, and are hypothesised to behave similar to other bioactive components with suspected roles in pathogen defense and proliferation of beneficial gut bacteria. Chondroitin sulphate and heparin, being the most abundant, are expected to have the most impact on infant health. Their decreasing concentration over lactation further indicates their role and potential importance during early life.

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人类母乳中糖胺聚糖的特征及其对婴儿健康的潜在作用。
人类母乳由许多经过深入研究的生物活性成分组成,这些成分对婴儿营养以及新生儿微生物组和免疫系统的启动至关重要。了解这些成分有助于我们深入了解婴儿的健康和福祉。围绕糖胺聚糖(GAGs)的研究以前主要集中在内源性产生的糖胺聚糖上,但最近的研究已转向了解人类母乳中的糖胺聚糖。GAGs 结构复杂,检测和分析起来非常复杂,因此研究耗时较长,而且仅限于在碳水化合物分析方面经验丰富的专业团队。在母乳中,GAGs 以四种形式不同数量地存在:硫酸软骨素、肝素/硫酸肝素、硫酸皮质素和透明质酸,据推测,GAGs 的行为与其他生物活性成分类似,在病原体防御和有益肠道细菌增殖方面可能发挥作用。硫酸软骨素和肝素的含量最高,对婴儿健康的影响也最大。它们在哺乳期浓度的下降进一步表明了它们在生命早期的作用和潜在重要性。
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来源期刊
Microbial Cell
Microbial Cell Multiple-
CiteScore
6.40
自引率
0.00%
发文量
32
审稿时长
12 weeks
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