Cognitive dysfunction in schizophrenia patients caused by down-regulation of γ-aminobutyric acid receptor subunits.

IF 3.9 4区医学 Q1 PSYCHIATRY World Journal of Psychiatry Pub Date : 2024-06-19 DOI:10.5498/wjp.v14.i6.784

Xi Chen, Ya-Nan Zhou, Xiao-Zi Lu, Ren-Jiao Li, Yi-Fan Xiong, Xia Sheng, Wei-Wei Zhu

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Abstract

Background: The expression pattern of gamma aminobutyric acid (GABA) receptor subunits are commonly altered in patients with schizophrenia, which may lead to nerve excitation/inhibition problems, affecting cognition, emotion, and behavior.

Aim: To explore GABA receptor expression and its relationship with schizophrenia and to provide insights into more effective treatments.

Methods: This case-control study enrolled 126 patients with schizophrenia treated at our hospital and 126 healthy volunteers who underwent physical examinations at our hospital during the same period. The expression levels of the GABA receptor subunits were detected using 1H-magnetic resonance spectroscopy. The recognized cognitive battery tool, the MATRICS Consensus Cognitive Battery, was used to evaluate the scores for various dimensions of cognitive function. The correlation between GABA receptor subunit downregulation and schizophrenia was also analyzed.

Results: Significant differences in GABA receptor subunit levels were found between the case and control groups (P < 0.05). A significant difference was also found between the case and control groups in terms of cognitive function measures, including attention/alertness and learning ability (P < 0.05). Specifically, as the expression levels of GABRA1 (α1 subunit gene), GABRB2 (β2 subunit gene), GABRD (δ subunit), and GABRE (ε subunit) decreased, the severity of the patients' condition increased gradually, indicating a positive correlation between the downregulation of these 4 receptor subunits and schizophrenia (P < 0.05). However, the expression levels of GABRA5 (α5 subunit gene) and GABRA6 (α6 subunit gene) showed no significant correlation with schizophrenia (P > 0.05).

Conclusion: Downregulation of the GABA receptor subunits is positively correlated with schizophrenia. In other words, when GABA receptor subunits are downregulated in patients, cognitive impairment becomes more severe.

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γ-氨基丁酸受体亚单位下调导致的精神分裂症患者认知功能障碍

背景：目的：探讨GABA受体的表达及其与精神分裂症的关系，为更有效的治疗方法提供启示：方法：本病例对照研究纳入了在我院接受治疗的 126 名精神分裂症患者和同期在我院接受体检的 126 名健康志愿者。采用 1H-磁共振波谱检测 GABA 受体亚基的表达水平。采用公认的认知能力测试工具--MATRICS共识认知能力测试来评估认知功能各维度的得分。研究还分析了 GABA 受体亚基下调与精神分裂症之间的相关性：结果：病例组和对照组的 GABA 受体亚基水平存在显著差异（P < 0.05）。病例组和对照组在认知功能测量（包括注意力/惰性和学习能力）方面也存在明显差异（P < 0.05）。具体而言，随着GABRA1（α1亚基基因）、GABRB2（β2亚基基因）、GABRD（δ亚基基因）和GABRE（ε亚基基因）表达水平的降低，患者病情的严重程度逐渐增加，表明这4种受体亚基的下调与精神分裂症呈正相关（P＜0.05）。然而，GABRA5（α5亚基基因）和GABRA6（α6亚基基因）的表达水平与精神分裂症无显著相关性（P > 0.05）：结论：GABA受体亚基的下调与精神分裂症呈正相关。结论：GABA 受体亚基的下调与精神分裂症呈正相关，换句话说，当 GABA 受体亚基下调时，患者的认知障碍会变得更加严重。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

World Journal of Psychiatry PSYCHIATRY-

自引率

6.50%

发文量

110

期刊介绍： The World Journal of Psychiatry (WJP) is a high-quality, peer reviewed, open-access journal. The primary task of WJP is to rapidly publish high-quality original articles, reviews, editorials, and case reports in the field of psychiatry. In order to promote productive academic communication, the peer review process for the WJP is transparent; to this end, all published manuscripts are accompanied by the anonymized reviewers’ comments as well as the authors’ responses. The primary aims of the WJP are to improve diagnostic, therapeutic and preventive modalities and the skills of clinicians and to guide clinical practice in psychiatry.