Countering Zoonotic Diseases: Current Scenario and Advances in Diagnostics, Monitoring, Prophylaxis and Therapeutic Strategies

IF 4.7 3区 医学 Q1 MEDICINE, RESEARCH & EXPERIMENTAL Archives of Medical Research Pub Date : 2024-07-08 DOI:10.1016/j.arcmed.2024.103037
Saurabh Gupta , Rasanpreet Kaur , Jagdip Singh Sohal , Shoor Vir Singh , Kaushik Das , Manish Kumar Sharma , Jitendra Singh , Shalini Sharma , Kuldeep Dhama
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Abstract

Human life and health have interacted reciprocally with the surrounding environment and animal fauna for ages. This relationship is evident in developing nations, where human life depends more on the animal population for food, transportation, clothing, draft power, and fuel sources, among others. This inseparable link is a potent source of public health issues, especially in outbreaks of zoonotic diseases transmitted from animals to humans. Zoonotic diseases are referred to as diseases that are naturally transmitted between vertebrate animals and humans. Among the globally emerging diseases in the last decade, 75% are of animal origin, most of which are life-threatening. Since most of them are caused by potent new pathogens capable of long-distance transmission, the impact is widespread and has serious public health and economic consequences. Various other factors also contribute to the transmission, spread, and outbreak of zoonotic diseases, among which industrialization-led globalization followed by ecological disruption and climate change play a critical role. In this regard, all the possible strategies, including advances in rapid and confirmatory disease diagnosis and surveillance/monitoring, immunization/vaccination, therapeutic approaches, appropriate prevention and control measures to be adapted, and awareness programs, need to be adopted collaboratively among different health sectors in medical, veterinary, and concerned departments to implement the necessary interventions for the effective restriction, minimization, and timely control of zoonotic threats. The present review focuses on the current scenario of zoonotic diseases and their counteracting approaches to safeguard their health impact on humans.

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应对人畜共患病:诊断、监测、预防和治疗策略的现状和进展。
人类的生活和健康自古以来就与周围环境和动物群相互影响。在发展中国家,这种关系显而易见,因为在这些国家,人类生活的食物、运输、服装、膳食动力和燃料来源等更多地依赖于动物群体。这种密不可分的关系是公共卫生问题的潜在根源,尤其是在动物传染给人类的人畜共患病爆发时。人畜共患病是指脊椎动物与人类之间自然传播的疾病。在过去十年全球新出现的疾病中,有 75% 源自动物,其中大多数威胁生命。由于这些疾病大多是由能够远距离传播的强效新病原体引起的,因此影响范围广泛,对公共卫生和经济造成严重后果。其他各种因素也助长了人畜共患病的传播、蔓延和爆发,其中以工业化为主导的全球化以及随之而来的生态破坏和气候变化起到了至关重要的作用。在这方面,医疗、兽医和相关部门的不同卫生部门需要合作采取所有可能的策略,包括在快速确诊疾病和监测/监控、免疫/疫苗接种、治疗方法、适当的预防和控制措施以及宣传计划等方面取得进展,以实施必要的干预措施,有效限制、最大限度减少和及时控制人畜共患病的威胁。本综述侧重于人畜共患病的现状及其应对方法,以保障其对人类健康的影响。
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来源期刊
Archives of Medical Research
Archives of Medical Research 医学-医学:研究与实验
CiteScore
12.50
自引率
0.00%
发文量
84
审稿时长
28 days
期刊介绍: Archives of Medical Research serves as a platform for publishing original peer-reviewed medical research, aiming to bridge gaps created by medical specialization. The journal covers three main categories - biomedical, clinical, and epidemiological contributions, along with review articles and preliminary communications. With an international scope, it presents the study of diseases from diverse perspectives, offering the medical community original investigations ranging from molecular biology to clinical epidemiology in a single publication.
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