{"title":"Adaptive connected hybrid beamforming for energy efficiency maximization in multi-user millimeter wave systems","authors":"Guangyi Chen, Ruoyu Zhang, Chen Miao, Yue Ma, Wen Wu","doi":"10.1007/s11276-024-03809-y","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p>Energy efficiency (EE) is a key enabler for sustainable green millimeter wave (mmWave) communication. However, conventional hybrid beamforming methods suffer from energy efficiency performance loss due to hardware limitations and the connected structure. To overcome these limitations, this work investigates a novel adaptive connected (AC) hybrid beamforming (HBF) design for multi-user mmWave systems. We formulate the problem as an EE maximization problem subject to the constraints of the adaptive connected structure, constant modulus, and power budget. Addressing this complicated non-convex problem, we harness the characteristics of the AC structure and introduce an iterative HBF design algorithm grounded in fractional programming. Numerical results demonstrate the effectiveness and flexibility of the proposed AC-based HBF design in terms of EE enhancement.\n</p>","PeriodicalId":23750,"journal":{"name":"Wireless Networks","volume":"2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1000,"publicationDate":"2024-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Wireless Networks","FirstCategoryId":"94","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11276-024-03809-y","RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q3","JCRName":"COMPUTER SCIENCE, INFORMATION SYSTEMS","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Energy efficiency (EE) is a key enabler for sustainable green millimeter wave (mmWave) communication. However, conventional hybrid beamforming methods suffer from energy efficiency performance loss due to hardware limitations and the connected structure. To overcome these limitations, this work investigates a novel adaptive connected (AC) hybrid beamforming (HBF) design for multi-user mmWave systems. We formulate the problem as an EE maximization problem subject to the constraints of the adaptive connected structure, constant modulus, and power budget. Addressing this complicated non-convex problem, we harness the characteristics of the AC structure and introduce an iterative HBF design algorithm grounded in fractional programming. Numerical results demonstrate the effectiveness and flexibility of the proposed AC-based HBF design in terms of EE enhancement.
能效（EE）是实现可持续绿色毫米波（mmWave）通信的关键因素。然而，由于硬件限制和连接结构，传统的混合波束成形方法存在能效性能损失。为了克服这些局限性，这项工作研究了一种适用于多用户毫米波系统的新型自适应连接（AC）混合波束成形（HBF）设计。我们将该问题表述为一个 EE 最大化问题，该问题受到自适应连接结构、恒定模数和功率预算的约束。针对这一复杂的非凸问题，我们利用交流结构的特点，引入了一种基于分数编程的迭代 HBF 设计算法。数值结果表明了所提出的基于交流的 HBF 设计在增强 EE 方面的有效性和灵活性。
期刊介绍：
The wireless communication revolution is bringing fundamental changes to data networking, telecommunication, and is making integrated networks a reality. By freeing the user from the cord, personal communications networks, wireless LAN''s, mobile radio networks and cellular systems, harbor the promise of fully distributed mobile computing and communications, any time, anywhere.
Focusing on the networking and user aspects of the field, Wireless Networks provides a global forum for archival value contributions documenting these fast growing areas of interest. The journal publishes refereed articles dealing with research, experience and management issues of wireless networks. Its aim is to allow the reader to benefit from experience, problems and solutions described.
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