The effect of fibre length and content on Aloe vera and ramie fibre-reinforced epoxy hybrid composite properties

Abstract

This study examines the mechanical properties, characterization studies, wear, and absorption tests of hybrid polymer composites reinforced with Aloe vera and ramie fibres. The hybrid composites were manufactured using a hot press compression moulding machine at 110 °C and 1500 PSI. During composite production, Aloe vera and ramie fibres of varying lengths (10 mm, 15 mm, 20 mm, and 25 mm) and weight percentages (10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, and 50%) were used to fabricate 20 composite samples. To improve the interfacial bonding between the two fibres and epoxy matrix and to attain highest mechanical strength for the medium density fibre, board applications are the main objective of this work. Taguchi optimization was utilized to optimize the wear studies of Aloe vera and ramie fibre–reinforced hybrid composite samples. The optimum fibre length and weight percentage were calculated using a contour plot, with the assistance of MINITAB 17 software. Additionally, absorption studies were conducted to reveal the hydrophilic and hydrophobic characteristics of the hybrid composite sample. The crystallinity index percentage was found to range from 42 to 54% in the characterization studies. The functional group of the hybrid polymer composites was identified using the Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) characterization technique. Additionally, scanning electron microscope (SEM) studies revealed the presence of fibre cracks, gaps, and voids between the primary and secondary phases of the hybrid composite.