Intracellular galectin interactions in health and disease.

IF 7.9 2区 医学 Q1 IMMUNOLOGY Seminars in Immunopathology Pub Date : 2024-07-11 DOI:10.1007/s00281-024-01010-z
Ralf Jacob, Lena-Sophie Gorek
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Abstract

In the galectin family, a group of lectins is united by their evolutionarily conserved carbohydrate recognition domains. These polypeptides play a role in various cellular processes and are implicated in disease mechanisms such as cancer, fibrosis, infection, and inflammation. Following synthesis in the cytosol, manifold interactions of galectins have been described both extracellularly and intracellularly. Extracellular galectins frequently engage with glycoproteins or glycolipids in a carbohydrate-dependent manner. Intracellularly, galectins bind to non-glycosylated proteins situated in distinct cellular compartments, each with multiple cellular functions. This diversity complicates attempts to form a comprehensive understanding of the role of galectin molecules within the cell. This review enumerates intracellular galectin interaction partners and outlines their involvement in cellular processes. The intricate connections between galectin functions and pathomechanisms are illustrated through discussions of intracellular galectin assemblies in immune and cancer cells. This underscores the imperative need to fully comprehend the interplay of galectins with the cellular machinery and to devise therapeutic strategies aimed at counteracting the establishment of galectin-based disease mechanisms.

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健康和疾病中细胞内 galectin 的相互作用。
在半凝集素家族中,一组凝集素因其进化上保守的碳水化合物识别结构域而联合在一起。这些多肽在各种细胞过程中发挥作用,并与癌症、纤维化、感染和炎症等疾病机制有关。在细胞质中合成后,半螺旋蛋白在细胞外和细胞内的多方面相互作用均已得到描述。细胞外的半连接蛋白经常以碳水化合物依赖的方式与糖蛋白或糖脂结合。在细胞内,半连接蛋白与位于不同细胞区的非糖基化蛋白质结合,每种蛋白质都具有多种细胞功能。这种多样性使人们试图全面了解加连蛋白分子在细胞内的作用变得更加复杂。本综述列举了细胞内galectin相互作用伙伴,并概述了它们参与细胞过程的情况。通过讨论免疫细胞和癌细胞中的细胞内 galectin 组合,说明了 galectin 功能与病理机制之间错综复杂的联系。这突出表明,我们亟需充分理解半凝集素与细胞机制之间的相互作用,并制定治疗策略,以对抗基于半凝集素的疾病机制的建立。
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来源期刊
Seminars in Immunopathology
Seminars in Immunopathology 医学-病理学
CiteScore
19.80
自引率
2.20%
发文量
69
审稿时长
12 months
期刊介绍: The aim of Seminars in Immunopathology is to bring clinicians and pathologists up-to-date on developments in the field of immunopathology.For this purpose topical issues will be organized usually with the help of a guest editor.Recent developments are summarized in review articles by authors who have personally contributed to the specific topic.
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