Contrasting migratory ecology of two threatened and allochronic storm-petrels breeding in the Mexican Pacific

IF 2.6 2区 环境科学与生态学 Q2 BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION Endangered Species Research Pub Date : 2024-07-11 DOI:10.3354/esr01344
Fernando Medrano, Julio Hernández-Montoya, Sarah Saldanha, Yuliana Bedolla-Guzmán, Jacob González-Solís
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Abstract

ABSTRACT: Migration is an essential life stage in many species, but is little understood in some groups, e.g. storm-petrels. Considering that storm-petrels reside in non-breeding areas for over half of their lifespan, identifying these areas is a priority for conservation efforts. Townsend’s Hydrobates socorroensis and Ainley’s storm-petrels H. cheimomnestes are 2 threatened sister species, breeding allochronically on Guadalupe Island (Mexican Pacific), for which migratory patterns are unknown. In this article, we describe the non-breeding areas of these 2 species, assess artificial light events recorded by geolocators, and describe the birds’ daily activity patterns. We deployed geolocators from 2021 to 2023 and modeled migratory routes using SGAT. We successfully tracked 7 Townsend’s and 4 Ainley’s storm-petrels over their non-breeding period. Townsend’s storm-petrels were found to travel to the south of the Baja California Peninsula and spent most of the time in Mexican waters, while Ainley’s storm-petrels migrated toward Hawaii and spent most of the time on the high seas. For the Townsend’s storm-petrels, 16.1% of their core areas are in protected waters, whereas for Ainley’s storm-petrel, only 0.7% of the core areas are protected, and 0.8% of those areas are recognized as key biodiversity areas (KBAs). Further, our findings indicate that both species are mainly nocturnal, making them highly susceptible to the impacts of light pollution; we detected 6 artificial light events. Our findings also support the hypothesis that divergence in the migration patterns between allochronic populations could be a crucial factor in sympatric speciation, which seems likely in seasonal environments like the northern Pacific.
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在墨西哥太平洋繁殖的两只濒危异步暴风海燕截然不同的迁徙生态学
摘要:迁徙是许多物种的一个重要生命阶段,但对某些物种(如风暴海燕)的迁徙却知之甚少。考虑到暴风海燕一生中有一半以上的时间居住在非繁殖区,确定这些区域是保护工作的重点。汤森氏暴风海燕(Hydrobates socorroensis)和艾因利氏暴风海燕(H. cheimomnestes)是两个濒危的姊妹物种,在瓜达卢佩岛(墨西哥太平洋)异步繁殖,其迁徙模式尚不清楚。在本文中,我们描述了这两个物种的非繁殖区,评估了地理定位器记录的人工光照事件,并描述了鸟类的日常活动模式。我们在 2021 年至 2023 年期间部署了地理定位器,并使用 SGAT 建立了迁徙路线模型。我们在非繁殖期成功追踪到了 7 只汤森氏风暴海燕和 4 只艾因利风暴海燕。我们发现汤森氏风暴小海燕向下加利福尼亚半岛南部迁徙,大部分时间在墨西哥海域度过,而艾因利风暴小海燕则向夏威夷迁徙,大部分时间在公海度过。汤森氏风暴海燕 16.1%的核心区域位于受保护水域,而艾因利风暴海燕只有 0.7%的核心区域受到保护,其中 0.8%的区域被认定为关键生物多样性区域(KBAs)。此外,我们的研究结果表明,这两个物种都以夜间活动为主,因此极易受到光污染的影响;我们发现了 6 次人工光照事件。我们的研究结果还支持这样一种假设,即异时空种群之间迁徙模式的差异可能是同域物种形成的一个关键因素,而这在北太平洋这样的季节性环境中似乎很有可能发生。
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来源期刊
Endangered Species Research
Endangered Species Research BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION-
CiteScore
5.50
自引率
6.50%
发文量
38
审稿时长
31 weeks
期刊介绍: ESR is international and interdisciplinary. It covers all endangered forms of life on Earth, the threats faced by species and their habitats and the necessary steps that must be undertaken to ensure their conservation. ESR publishes high quality contributions reporting research on all species (and habitats) of conservation concern, whether they be classified as Near Threatened or Threatened (Endangered or Vulnerable) by the International Union for the Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources (IUCN) or highlighted as part of national or regional conservation strategies. Submissions on all aspects of conservation science are welcome.
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