Characteristics, sources, and health risks of PAHs and their derivatives in indoor dust in Zhengzhou

IF 3.9 3区环境科学与生态学 Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES Atmospheric Pollution Research Pub Date : 2024-07-04 DOI:10.1016/j.apr.2024.102246

Junmei Zhang , Zhiyu Wang , Yuhang Wei , Shushen Yang , Sen Yao , Benyong Yang , Lingxiao Yang

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Abstract

The occurrence, source, and health risk of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), nitro-PAHs (NPAHs), and oxy-PAHs (OPAHs) in indoor dust collected from three types of microenvironments (offices, classrooms, and dormitories) at a university campus in Zhengzhou were analysed. The results showed that the average concentration of the total PAHs was 2403.21 ± 981.99 ng g⁻¹, with PHE (20.06% of Σ18PAHs) and BkF (15.46%) being the dominant species. The average concentrations of total NPAHs and OPAHs were 11.09 ± 5.12 and 385.80 ± 255.27 ng g⁻¹, with 2+3N-FLT (39.15%) and 9-FLO (39.76%) as the most abundant species of NPAHs and OPAHs, respectively. The average concentrations of total PAHs, NPAHs, and OPAHs in different microenvironments displayed obvious spatial specificity with the highest values in dormitories. The main source of PAHs, as identified by diagnostic ratios, was petroleum combustion, coal/biomass combustion and vehicle exhaust emissions. The average incremental lifetime cancer risk (ILCR) for undergraduates exposed to dust in classrooms and dormitories exceeded 10⁻⁶, indicating a potential cancer risk. The most important exposure pathway was dermal contact, while the inhalation route was negligible.

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郑州市室内尘埃中多环芳烃及其衍生物的特征、来源和健康风险

分析了郑州某大学校园三种微环境（办公室、教室和宿舍）室内灰尘中多环芳烃（PAHs）、硝基多环芳烃（NPAHs）和氧多环芳烃（OPAHs）的发生、来源和健康风险。结果表明，总 PAHs 的平均浓度为 2403.21 ± 981.99 ng g-1，其中 PHE（占 Σ18PAHs 的 20.06%）和 BkF（15.46%）为主要种类。总 NPAHs 和 OPAHs 的平均浓度分别为 11.09 ± 5.12 和 385.80 ± 255.27 ng g-1，2+3N-FLT（39.15%）和 9-FLO（39.76%）分别是 NPAHs 和 OPAHs 中含量最高的种类。不同微环境中总 PAHs、NPAHs 和 OPAHs 的平均浓度具有明显的空间特异性，其中宿舍区的数值最高。根据诊断比率确定，多环芳烃的主要来源是石油燃烧、煤/生物质燃烧和汽车尾气排放。本科生暴露于教室和宿舍粉尘的平均终生致癌风险增量（ILCR）超过了 10-6，表明存在潜在的致癌风险。最重要的接触途径是皮肤接触，而吸入途径可以忽略不计。

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来源期刊

Atmospheric Pollution Research ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES-

CiteScore

8.30

自引率

6.70%

发文量

256

审稿时长

36 days

期刊介绍： Atmospheric Pollution Research (APR) is an international journal designed for the publication of articles on air pollution. Papers should present novel experimental results, theory and modeling of air pollution on local, regional, or global scales. Areas covered are research on inorganic, organic, and persistent organic air pollutants, air quality monitoring, air quality management, atmospheric dispersion and transport, air-surface (soil, water, and vegetation) exchange of pollutants, dry and wet deposition, indoor air quality, exposure assessment, health effects, satellite measurements, natural emissions, atmospheric chemistry, greenhouse gases, and effects on climate change.