Climate change in edaphic systems – Impact of salinity intrusions in terrestrial invertebrates

IF 2 3区 农林科学 Q3 ECOLOGY Pedobiologia Pub Date : 2024-07-01 DOI:10.1016/j.pedobi.2024.150976
Rita C. Bicho , Janeck J. Scott-Fordsmand , Mónica J.B. Amorim
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Abstract

Amongst climate change’s impacts a major concern is salinization of soils, for example due to saltwater intrusion. The aim of the present study was to investigate in a standard field soil the impacts of soil salinity increase. The purpose was to study this in two soil invertebrates that are key model ecotoxicology test-species, Enchytraeus crypticus and Folsomia candida as surrogate representatives of the soil ecosystem. The exposure followed the standard ecotoxicity OECD (Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development) test guidelines, and the assessed endpoints were survival, reproduction and size. Exposure done in LUFA 2.2 soil, spiked with 0,0.6,1,2,3,4,5,6,8 g NaCl/kg soil dry weight (DW) for E. crypticus (21 days) and 0,0.06,0.6,1,2,3,4,5,6 g NaCl/kg soil DW for F. candida (28 days). There was a similar impact for both species in terms of survival (LC50=4.2 g NaCl/kg soil DW), whereas at the reproductive output level of F. candida (EC50=2.1 g NaCl/kg soil DW) was more sensitive than E. crypticus (EC50=2.4 g NaCl/kg soil DW). Further, size was impacted for F. candida in a monotonic dose-response curve for both adults (EC50=3.5 g NaCl/kg soil DW) and juveniles (EC50=2 g NaCl/kg soil DW), whereas for E. crypticus there was an increase in reproductive output at lower concentrations (0.6–1 g NaCl/kg soil DW). This increased reproduction was associated with a larger size of adults within the same concentration range. Considering the prediction from the climate models, the soil invertebrate community will be affected. As upper soils are likely to have the highest salinity increase due to evaporation, soil surface species, such as the collembolan tested here, are at higher risk. Negative population effects were occurring within salinity levels predicted by climate change models.

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环境系统中的气候变化--陆生无脊椎动物盐度入侵的影响
气候变化的主要影响之一是土壤盐碱化,例如盐水入侵造成的土壤盐碱化。本研究的目的是调查土壤盐度增加对标准田间土壤的影响。研究的对象是两种土壤无脊椎动物,它们是生态毒理学试验的关键模型物种,即作为土壤生态系统代用代表的隐翅虫(Enchytraeus crypticus)和念珠藻(Folsomia candida)。暴露遵循经济合作与发展组织(OECD)的标准生态毒理学测试指南,评估终点为存活、繁殖和大小。在 LUFA 2.2 土壤中,隐翅虫的接触剂量为 0、0.6、1、2、3、4、5、6、8 克氯化钠/千克土壤干重(DW)(21 天),念珠菌的接触剂量为 0、0.06、0.6、1、2、3、4、5、6 克氯化钠/千克土壤干重(DW)(28 天)。就存活率(半数致死浓度=4.2 克氯化钠/千克土壤干重)而言,两种生物受到的影响相似,但在繁殖力水平上,念珠菌(半数致死浓度=2.1 克氯化钠/千克土壤干重)比隐翅虫(半数致死浓度=2.4 克氯化钠/千克土壤干重)更敏感。此外,念珠菌成虫(EC50=3.5 克氯化钠/千克土壤 DW)和幼虫(EC50=2 克氯化钠/千克土壤 DW)的体型受单调剂量反应曲线的影响,而隐翅虫在较低浓度下(0.6-1 克氯化钠/千克土壤 DW)的繁殖量增加。在相同浓度范围内,繁殖量增加与成虫体型增大有关。根据气候模型的预测,土壤无脊椎动物群落将受到影响。由于蒸发作用,上层土壤的盐度可能会升高,因此土壤表层物种(如这里测试的褐藻)面临的风险更高。在气候变化模型预测的盐度范围内,种群会受到负面影响。
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来源期刊
Pedobiologia
Pedobiologia 环境科学-生态学
CiteScore
4.20
自引率
8.70%
发文量
38
审稿时长
64 days
期刊介绍: Pedobiologia publishes peer reviewed articles describing original work in the field of soil ecology, which includes the study of soil organisms and their interactions with factors in their biotic and abiotic environments. Analysis of biological structures, interactions, functions, and processes in soil is fundamental for understanding the dynamical nature of terrestrial ecosystems, a prerequisite for appropriate soil management. The scope of this journal consists of fundamental and applied aspects of soil ecology; key focal points include interactions among organisms in soil, organismal controls on soil processes, causes and consequences of soil biodiversity, and aboveground-belowground interactions. We publish: original research that tests clearly defined hypotheses addressing topics of current interest in soil ecology (including studies demonstrating nonsignificant effects); descriptions of novel methodological approaches, or evaluations of current approaches, that address a clear need in soil ecology research; innovative syntheses of the soil ecology literature, including metaanalyses, topical in depth reviews and short opinion/perspective pieces, and descriptions of original conceptual frameworks; and short notes reporting novel observations of ecological significance.
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