Bi-directional and multi-modal effects of dexamphetamine on spatial binding windows in healthy individuals

IF 1.8 4区医学 Q3 CLINICAL NEUROLOGY Human Psychopharmacology: Clinical and Experimental Pub Date : 2024-07-12 DOI:10.1002/hup.2909

Mark J. H. Lim, Sean J. Loffman, Katharina Gaus, Sophie V. Slawik, Rajan Iyyalol, Joseph W. Y. Lee, Emily K. Hepple, Mathew T. Martin-Iverson

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Abstract

Objectives

Stimuli that are separated by a short window of space or time, known as spatial and temporal binding windows (SBW/TBWs), may be perceived as separate. Widened TBWs are evidenced in schizophrenia, although it is unclear if the SBW is similarly affected. The current study aimed to assess if dexamphetamine (DEX) may increase SBWs in a multimodal visuo-tactile illusion, potentially validating usefulness as an experimental model for multimodal visuo-tactile hallucinations in schizophrenia, and to examine a possible association between altered binding windows (BWs) and working memory (WM) suggested by previous research.

Methods

A placebo-controlled, double-blinded, and counter-balanced crossover design was employed. Permuted block randomisation was used for drug order. Healthy participants received DEX (0.45 mg/kg, PO, b.i.d.) or placebo (glucose powder) in capsules. The Rubber Hand Illusion (RHI) and Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale Spatial Span was employed to determine whether DEX would alter SBWs and WM, respectively. Schizotypy was assessed with a variety of psychological scales.

Results

Most participants did not experience the RHI even under normal circumstances. Bi-directional and multimodal effects of DEX on individual SBWs and schizotypy were observed, but not on WM.

Conclusions

Bidirectional multimodal effects of DEX on the RHI and SBWs were observed in individuals, although not associated with alterations in WM.

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右旋苯丙胺对健康人空间结合窗口的双向和多模式效应

目的：被短暂的空间或时间窗口（即空间和时间结合窗口（SBW/TBWs））隔开的刺激可能会被认为是分离的。精神分裂症患者的空间结合窗（TBWs）被扩大，但尚不清楚空间结合窗（SBWs）是否也受到类似影响。本研究旨在评估右旋苯丙胺（DEX）是否会增加多模态视觉-触觉幻觉中的SBW，从而验证其作为精神分裂症患者多模态视觉-触觉幻觉实验模型的实用性，并研究以往研究提出的结合窗（BW）改变与工作记忆（WM）之间可能存在的关联：方法：采用安慰剂对照、双盲和反平衡交叉设计。药物顺序采用推定区组随机法。健康参与者服用DEX（0.45 mg/kg，PO，b.i.d.）或安慰剂（葡萄糖粉）胶囊。采用橡胶手幻觉（RHI）和韦氏成人智力量表空间跨度来分别确定DEX是否会改变SBW和WM。用各种心理量表对分裂型进行了评估：结果：大多数参与者即使在正常情况下也不会出现 RHI。观察到 DEX 对个体 SBW 和精神分裂症的双向和多模式效应，但对 WM 没有影响：结论：观察到 DEX 对个体 RHI 和 SBW 的双向多模式效应，但与 WM 的改变无关。

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来源期刊

Human Psychopharmacology: Clinical and Experimental 医学-精神病学

CiteScore

4.10

自引率

0.00%

发文量

审稿时长

6-12 weeks

期刊介绍： Human Psychopharmacology: Clinical and Experimental provides a forum for the evaluation of clinical and experimental research on both new and established psychotropic medicines. Experimental studies of other centrally active drugs, including herbal products, in clinical, social and psychological contexts, as well as clinical/scientific papers on drugs of abuse and drug dependency will also be considered. While the primary purpose of the Journal is to publish the results of clinical research, the results of animal studies relevant to human psychopharmacology are welcome. The following topics are of special interest to the editors and readers of the Journal: -All aspects of clinical psychopharmacology- Efficacy and safety studies of novel and standard psychotropic drugs- Studies of the adverse effects of psychotropic drugs- Effects of psychotropic drugs on normal physiological processes- Geriatric and paediatric psychopharmacology- Ethical and psychosocial aspects of drug use and misuse- Psychopharmacological aspects of sleep and chronobiology- Neuroimaging and psychoactive drugs- Phytopharmacology and psychoactive substances- Drug treatment of neurological disorders- Mechanisms of action of psychotropic drugs- Ethnopsychopharmacology- Pharmacogenetic aspects of mental illness and drug response- Psychometrics: psychopharmacological methods and experimental design