Augmented humoral response to third and fourth dose of SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccines in lung transplant recipients

IF 2.4 Q2 RESPIRATORY SYSTEM Respiratory investigation Pub Date : 2024-07-13 DOI:10.1016/j.resinv.2024.07.004

Shinichi Kawana , Seiichiro Sugimoto , Kei Matsubara , Haruki Choshi , Shin Tanaka , Megumi Ishihara , Tomohiro Habu , Kohei Hashimoto , Ken Suzawa , Kazuhiko Shien , Kentaroh Miyoshi , Mikio Okazaki , Masanori Nakayama , Shinichi Toyooka

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Abstract

Background

Since lung transplant recipients (LTRs) exhibit low immunogenicity after two doses of SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccines, optimal vaccine strategies for SARS-CoV-2 are required in LTRs. This study aimed to investigate the efficacy and safety of the third and fourth doses of the SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccines in LTRs.

Methods

We conducted a single-center study of 73 LTRs and 23 healthy controls (HCs). Participants received two-to-four doses of SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccines. The LTRs were divided into three groups based on the number of vaccine dose. IgG titers against SARS-CoV-2 spike protein were measured, and adverse events were assessed. Factors associated with humoral response were analyzed using univariate and multivariate analyses.

Results

The Dose 4 group (n = 27) had a higher humoral response rate (P = 0.018) and higher levels of anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibody (P = 0.04) than the Dose 2 group (n = 14). The Dose 3 group (n = 32) had lower humoral response rates (P = 0.005) and levels of anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibody (P = 0.0005) than the HCs (n = 23) even after the same dose. Systemic adverse events were milder in the LTRs than in the HCs (P < 0.05). Increased number of vaccine dose was identified as a predictor of positive humoral response (P = 0.021).

Conclusion

Booster doses of SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccines may enhance humoral response with mild adverse events in LTRs. Repeated vaccination might be warranted for LTRs to prevent SARS-CoV-2 infection.

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肺移植受者对第三和第四剂 SARS-CoV-2 mRNA 疫苗的体液反应增强。

背景：由于肺移植受者（LTRs）在接种两剂SARS-CoV-2 mRNA疫苗后表现出较低的免疫原性，因此需要在LTRs中采用最佳的SARS-CoV-2疫苗策略。本研究旨在调查第三剂和第四剂 SARS-CoV-2 mRNA 疫苗在 LTR 中的有效性和安全性：我们对 73 名 LTR 和 23 名健康对照（HC）进行了单中心研究。参与者接种了两到四剂 SARS-CoV-2 mRNA 疫苗。根据疫苗剂量的多少将 LTR 分成三组。测量了针对 SARS-CoV-2 棘突蛋白的 IgG 滴度，并对不良反应进行了评估。采用单变量和多变量分析方法分析了与体液反应相关的因素：结果：与剂量 2 组（n = 14）相比，剂量 4 组（n = 27）的体液应答率更高（P = 0.018），抗 SARS-CoV-2 IgG 抗体水平更高（P = 0.04）。即使剂量相同，剂量 3 组（n = 32）的体液应答率（P = 0.005）和抗 SARS-CoV-2 IgG 抗体水平（P = 0.0005）均低于 HC 组（n = 23）。LTR患者的全身不良反应比HC患者轻微（P 结论：LTR患者的全身不良反应比HC患者轻微（P 结论：LTR患者的全身不良反应比HC患者轻微）：加强剂量的 SARS-CoV-2 mRNA 疫苗可增强 LTR 的体液反应，且不良反应轻微。LTR 可能需要重复接种疫苗以预防 SARS-CoV-2 感染。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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