Respiratory investigation最新文献

Real-world clinical data on adult respiratory syncytial virus infection in a Japanese community hospital: Emphasis on positivity rate, older adults, and pneumonia cases 日本一家社区医院成人呼吸道合胞病毒感染的真实临床数据：重点是阳性率、老年人和肺炎病例。

IF 2 Q2 RESPIRATORY SYSTEM

Respiratory investigation

Pub Date : 2026-01-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.resinv.2026.101371

Hiroyuki Honda , Koji Kuronuma , Yutaro Nagano , Kanami Nagano , Kojirou Uemura , Midori Hashimoto , Kaoru Nishiyama , Hirofumi Chiba

Background

Information on the incidence and clinical characteristics of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infections among adults remains limited in Japan. In this study, we aimed to clarify these aspects among adult outpatients at our institution.

Methods

This single-center, retrospective observational study included outpatients aged 18 years and older who presented with fever or respiratory symptoms and underwent multiplex PCR testing of nasopharyngeal specimens between April 2021 and March 2025. We assessed the RSV positive rate, underlying comorbidities, and hospitalization rate. For those with pneumonia, we analyzed their imaging findings and sputum culture results. Clinical characteristics were also compared between hospitalized and nonhospitalized patients aged 60 years or older.

Results

The overall positive rate of RSV infection over the 4 years was 2.3 %. Among individuals aged 60 years and older, the positive rate was 2.3 %. Of the 31 hospitalized cases, 29 were aged 60 years or older, accounting for 36.3 % of all RSV-positive patients in this age group. Age significantly differed between the hospitalized and nonhospitalized groups aged 60 and older. Among 24 patients with pneumonia who underwent computed tomography scans, 11 had positive sputum cultures. Consolidation was significantly more frequent in the 11 culture-positive cases than in the remaining 13 cases.

Conclusions

RSV infection accounted for 2.3 % of adult outpatient cases, with a notably high hospitalization rate in older adults. These findings highlight RSV as an important respiratory pathogen in older adults, underscoring the need to expand diagnostic testing and preventive strategies in this population.

背景：关于日本成人呼吸道合胞病毒（RSV）感染的发病率和临床特征的信息仍然有限。在本研究中，我们的目的是在我们机构的成人门诊患者中澄清这些方面。方法：这项单中心、回顾性观察性研究纳入了2021年4月至2025年3月期间出现发热或呼吸道症状的18岁及以上门诊患者，并对鼻咽标本进行了多重PCR检测。我们评估了RSV阳性率、潜在合并症和住院率。对于肺炎患者，我们分析了他们的影像学表现和痰培养结果。还比较了60岁及以上住院和非住院患者的临床特征。结果：4年RSV感染总阳性率为2.3%。60岁及以上人群阳性率为2.3%。在31例住院病例中，年龄在60岁及以上的有29例，占该年龄组所有rsv阳性患者的36.3%。年龄在60岁及以上的住院组和非住院组之间存在显著差异。24例肺炎患者接受计算机断层扫描，11例痰培养阳性。11例培养阳性病例的实变频率明显高于其余13例。结论：呼吸道合胞病毒感染占成人门诊病例的2.3%，其中老年人住院率明显较高。这些发现强调RSV是老年人重要的呼吸道病原体，强调需要在这一人群中扩大诊断检测和预防策略。

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引用次数: 0

Corrigendum to "Transcutaneous CO₂ and O₂ monitoring during walking with a high-flow nasal cannula in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease" [Respir Invest, Volume 63, Issue 5, September 2025, Pages 887-897]. “慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者使用高流量鼻插管行走时经皮CO2和O2监测”的更正[呼吸投资，第63卷，第5期，2025年9月，887-897页]。

IF 2 Q2 RESPIRATORY SYSTEM

Respiratory investigation

Pub Date : 2026-01-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.resinv.2025.101366

Akira Umeda, Akane Morito, Masahiro Ishizaka, Akihiro Ito, Yukihiro Ogawa, Yuki Kawai, Yuta Hanawa, Naotaka Onodera, Yoshiaki Endo, Isato Fukushi, Kotaro Takeda, Taichi Mochizuki, Yasushi Inoue, Yasuo To, Seiichiro Sakao, Kenji Tsushima, Kazuyuki Chibana, Hideaki Yamasawa, Satoshi Fuke, Sarah Kesler, David Gozal, Yasumasa Okada

引用次数: 0

All-case post-marketing surveillance of delamanid for treating multidrug-resistant pulmonary tuberculosis in Japan 日本治疗耐多药肺结核的delamanid全病例上市后监测

IF 2 Q2 RESPIRATORY SYSTEM

Respiratory investigation

Pub Date : 2026-01-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.resinv.2025.101363

Toru Mori , Kazunari Tsuyuguchi , Takefumi Saito , Yuka Sasaki , Eriko Shigeto , Hideaki Nagai , Satoshi Komaniwa , Hiroyuki Hashizume , Kyoko Suzue , Yuko Yamashige , Takashi Yoshiyama

Background

Delamanid is a nitro-dihydro-imidazooxazole derivative that possesses highly potent activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis, including strains linked to multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB). We conducted an all-case post-marketing surveillance to assess the real-world safety and effectiveness of delamanid in treating MDR-TB in Japan.

Methods

All patients diagnosed with MDR-TB were included if they started delamanid between September 2014 and February 2023. Case report forms were collected every 6 months during the treatment period and every 12 months during the follow-up period. Safety assessment included any adverse events that occurred during the treatment period. Effectiveness assessment included the proportion of patients with sputum-culture conversion and treatment success.

Results

In the safety analysis set, 61.6 % of patients (114/185) were males, and the median (interquartile range) age was 48.0 (32.0, 64.0) years. During the treatment period, 54.05 % of patients (100/185) experienced adverse drug reactions (ADRs), and 8.65 % (16/185) experienced serious ADRs. Electrocardiogram QT prolongation was reported in 8.65 % of patients (16/185) but was not associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular events. In the sputum-culture conversion analysis set, sputum-culture conversion was achieved in 86.0 % of patients (80/93). In the effectiveness analysis set, treatment success was achieved in 54.1 % of patients (99/183) by the end of the treatment period.

Conclusions

This surveillance showed the effectiveness of ≥6 months of delamanid treatment among patients with MDR-TB in real-world settings in Japan, with no new safety issues identified.

delamanid是一种硝基-二氢-咪唑唑衍生物，具有很强的抗结核分枝杆菌活性，包括与耐多药结核病（MDR-TB）相关的菌株。我们在日本进行了一项全病例上市后监测，以评估delamanid治疗耐多药结核病的实际安全性和有效性。方法纳入2014年9月至2023年2月期间开始服用抗生素的所有耐多药结核病患者。治疗期间每6个月收集一次病例报告表，随访期间每12个月收集一次病例报告表。安全性评估包括治疗期间发生的任何不良事件。疗效评估包括痰培养转化患者比例和治疗成功率。结果安全性分析集中，61.6%（114/185）患者为男性，年龄中位数（四分位数间距）为48.0（32.0,64.0）岁。在治疗期间，54.05%（100/185）的患者发生药物不良反应（adr）， 8.65%（16/185）的患者发生严重adr。心电图QT间期延长在8.65%的患者（16/185）中报告，但与心血管事件风险增加无关。在痰培养转化分析集中，86.0%的患者（80/93）痰培养转化成功。在疗效分析集中，治疗期结束时54.1%的患者（99/183）获得治疗成功。该监测显示，在日本现实环境中，delamanid治疗耐多药结核病患者≥6个月的有效性，未发现新的安全性问题。

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引用次数: 0

Efficacy and safety of brensocatib in Japanese patients with non-cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis: Analysis of the ASPEN trial brensocatib在日本非囊性纤维化支气管扩张患者中的疗效和安全性：ASPEN试验分析

IF 2 Q2 RESPIRATORY SYSTEM

Respiratory investigation

Pub Date : 2026-01-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.resinv.2025.101357

Kozo Morimoto , James D. Chalmers , Pierre-Régis Burgel , Charles L. Daley , Anthony De Soyza , David Mauger , Mark L. Metersky , Xiangmin Zhang , Sherry Li , Yuhei Goto , Ariel Teper , Carlos Fernandez , Naoki Hasegawa

Background

In the ASPEN trial (NCT04594369), brensocatib 10 mg and 25 mg significantly reduced the burden of pulmonary exacerbations (annualized rate [primary endpoint], time to first, proportion exacerbation-free) over 52 weeks vs placebo in patients with bronchiectasis; brensocatib 25 mg significantly reduced lung function decline and nominally significantly improved patient-reported symptoms. Here we report efficacy and safety for Japanese patients.

Methods

Adults with bronchiectasis with ≥2 exacerbations in the 12 months before screening were randomized to once-daily brensocatib (10 mg or 25 mg) or placebo for 52 weeks. Endpoints included annualized exacerbation rate, time to first exacerbation, proportion remaining exacerbation-free, change from baseline in lung function, severe exacerbation rate, and change from baseline in patient-reported symptoms.

Results

Baseline characteristics of Japanese patients (n = 87) were generally consistent across groups. Brensocatib 10 mg and 25 mg reduced the annualized exacerbation rate vs placebo (rate ratio, 0.37 [95 % CI, 0.16–0.87]; 0.32 [0.14–0.75]), prolonged time to first exacerbation, and increased odds of remaining exacerbation-free. The annualized severe exacerbation rate was lower with brensocatib 10 mg and 25 mg vs placebo (rate ratio, 0.11 [0.01–1.04]; 0.30 [0.06–1.62]). Brensocatib, particularly at the 25 mg dose, also reduced lung function decline vs placebo (LS mean difference: forced expiratory volume in 1 s, 97 mL [95 % CI, 32–162]; forced vital capacity, 164 mL [84−244]) and improved patient-reported symptoms. Adverse events were similar across groups.

Conclusions

Consistent with overall ASPEN results, brensocatib 10 mg and 25 mg reduced exacerbation frequency vs placebo in Japanese patients with bronchiectasis. Lung function, patient-reported symptoms, and safety data were consistent with overall ASPEN trial results.

Clinical trial registration

NCT04594369.

在ASPEN试验（NCT04594369）中，与安慰剂相比，brensocatib 10 mg和25 mg在52周内显著降低了支气管扩张患者的肺恶化负担（年化率[主要终点]、首次发作时间、无恶化比例）；Brensocatib 25mg可显著降低肺功能下降，并在名义上显著改善患者报告的症状。在此，我们报告了日本患者的有效性和安全性。方法筛查前12个月内支气管扩张≥2次加重的成人患者随机分为每日1次布仑索替布（10 mg或25 mg）或安慰剂组，疗程52周。终点包括年化加重率、到首次加重的时间、剩余无加重的比例、肺功能与基线的变化、严重加重率以及患者报告症状与基线的变化。结果日本患者（n = 87）的基线特征在各组间基本一致。与安慰剂相比，Brensocatib 10 mg和25 mg降低了年化加重率（比率比，0.37 [95% CI, 0.16-0.87]; 0.32[0.14-0.75]），延长了首次加重的时间，并增加了剩余无加重的几率。与安慰剂相比，brensocatib 10 mg和25 mg组的年严重恶化率较低（比率比为0.11[0.01-1.04];0.30[0.06-1.62]）。与安慰剂相比，Brensocatib，特别是在25 mg剂量时，也减少了肺功能下降（LS平均差异：1 s用力呼气量为97 mL [95% CI， 32-162]；用力肺活量为164 mL[84 - 244]），并改善了患者报告的症状。各组不良事件相似。结论：与ASPEN的总体结果一致，与安慰剂相比，brensocatib 10 mg和25 mg可降低日本支气管扩张患者的恶化频率。肺功能、患者报告的症状和安全性数据与总体ASPEN试验结果一致。临床试验注册编号：nct04594369。

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引用次数: 0

Summary of the Japanese Respiratory Society guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease overlap 2023 (2nd edition) 日本呼吸学会哮喘和慢性阻塞性肺疾病诊断和治疗指南重叠2023（第2版）摘要

IF 2 Q2 RESPIRATORY SYSTEM

Respiratory investigation

Pub Date : 2026-01-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.resinv.2025.101360

Shigeo Muro , Kazuya Tanimura , Mitsuhiro Yamada , Shuichiro Maruoka , Hisatoshi Sugiura , Yasuhiro Gon , the members of the Japanese Respiratory Society Guidelines for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Asthma and COPD Overlap 2023 Editing Committee

Many patients have overlapping features of asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), but not all of them receive appropriate treatment for both conditions. The Japanese Respiratory Society published the guidelines on the diagnosis and treatment of asthma and COPD overlap (ACO) to promote its awareness. This English summary of the revised edition highlights the concepts, definitions, clinical features, diagnosis, and management of ACO based on recent evidence from observational studies. It also discusses the updates to the evaluation of ACO severity, workflow of management, and pharmacological treatment strategy. ACO is characterized by chronic airflow limitation with features of both asthma and COPD, and its diagnostic algorithm based on the clinical features and multidimensional evaluation, including imaging and functional tests, is provided. The classification of ACO severity based on exacerbations and symptoms is also advocated. There is no consensus on the treatment strategy for ACO, but the guidelines propose a pharmacotherapy strategy based on this classification to prevent under- or over-treatment. ACO requires a comprehensive approach that includes tailored pharmacological and non-pharmacological therapies. These guidelines will contribute to advancing research on the characteristics and pathophysiology of ACO and facilitate discussions on its management.

许多患者具有哮喘和慢性阻塞性肺疾病（COPD）的重叠特征，但并非所有患者都能得到适当的治疗。日本呼吸学会发布了哮喘和慢性阻塞性肺病重叠（ACO）的诊断和治疗指南，以提高人们的认识。这个英文摘要修订版突出的概念，定义，临床特点，诊断和管理的基础上，从观察性研究的最新证据。本文还讨论了ACO严重程度评估、管理工作流程和药物治疗策略的最新进展。ACO以慢性气流受限为特征，具有哮喘和COPD双重特征，提出了基于临床特征和影像学、功能检查等多维评价的诊断算法。也提倡根据急性加重和症状对ACO的严重程度进行分类。对于ACO的治疗策略尚无共识，但指南提出了基于此分类的药物治疗策略，以防止治疗不足或过度。ACO需要一个全面的方法，包括量身定制的药物和非药物治疗。这些指南将有助于推进对蚁群炎的特征和病理生理学的研究，并促进对其管理的讨论。

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引用次数: 0

Identifying high-risk smokers without airflow limitation using new COPD criteria: pooled analysis of two Japanese cohorts 使用新的COPD标准识别无气流限制的高危吸烟者：两个日本队列的汇总分析

IF 2 Q2 RESPIRATORY SYSTEM

Respiratory investigation

Pub Date : 2026-01-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.resinv.2026.101368

Naoya Tanabe , Shotaro Chubachi , Kunihiko Terada , Takashi Shimada , Yoshinori Seri , Hidetoshi Nakamura , Koichiro Asano , Atsuyasu Sato , Susumu Sato , Koichi Fukunaga , Toyohiro Hirai

Background

Recently proposed multidimensional chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) diagnostic criteria incorporate computed tomography (CT) findings and symptoms beyond airflow limitation. These criteria, developed using North American cohorts, require validation in Asian populations in which COPD phenotypes differ. We examined whether these criteria identify Japanese smokers at increased exacerbation risk, particularly those without airflow limitation.

Methods

This retrospective analysis pooled data from two prospective Japanese cohorts (Kyoto-Himeji and K-CCR) that included 517 smokers aged ≥40 years undergoing chest CT and COPD assessment test (CAT). The criteria included one major criterion (airflow limitation) and five minor criteria (emphysema [low attenuation area percent, LAA% ≥5 %], airway wall thickening [wall area percent ≥60 %], symptoms, dyspnea, and chronic bronchitis). COPD was defined as meeting the major criterion plus ≥1 minor criterion or ≥3 minor criteria alone. Negative binomial regression examined three-year exacerbation risk.

Results

Among 517 smokers, 364 had major criteria COPD, 26 had minor criteria-only COPD, 40 had airflow limitation without meeting COPD criteria, and 87 had neither (non-COPD group). Exacerbation rates were 0.270, 0.259, 0.161, and 0.069 per person-year, respectively. Both COPD groups had a significantly greater exacerbation risk than the non-COPD group (adjusted IRR: 4.95 [95 %CI: 1.79–14.62] for minor criteria-only; 3.95 [2.06–7.79] for major criteria). Higher CAT scores and LAA % were independently associated with a greater exacerbation risk in patients with COPD.

Conclusion

The new multidimensional COPD criteria successfully identified Japanese smokers at increased exacerbation risk, including those without airflow limitation, supporting their applicability across different populations. Registered at UMIN (UMIN000028387).

最近提出的多维慢性阻塞性肺疾病（COPD）诊断标准包括计算机断层扫描（CT）的发现和超出气流限制的症状。这些标准是在北美队列中制定的，需要在COPD表型不同的亚洲人群中进行验证。我们研究了这些标准是否能确定日本吸烟者有加重的风险，特别是那些没有气流限制的吸烟者。方法本回顾性分析汇集了来自两个前瞻性日本队列（Kyoto-Himeji和K-CCR）的数据，其中包括517名年龄≥40岁的吸烟者，他们接受了胸部CT和COPD评估测试（CAT）。标准包括1个主要标准（气流受限）和5个次要标准（肺气肿[低衰减面积百分比，LAA%≥5%]，气道壁增厚[壁面积百分比≥60%]，症状，呼吸困难，慢性支气管炎）。COPD定义为满足主要标准加≥1个次要标准或单独满足≥3个次要标准。负二项回归检查三年恶化风险。结果517例吸烟者中，364例有重度COPD标准，26例有轻度COPD标准，40例有气流受限但不符合COPD标准，87例两者均无（非COPD组）。加重率分别为0.270、0.259、0.161和0.069人/年。两个COPD组的加重风险均显著高于非COPD组（仅轻度标准的调整IRR为4.95 [95% CI: 1.79-14.62]，重度标准的调整IRR为3.95[2.06-7.79]）。较高的CAT评分和LAA %与COPD患者更大的加重风险独立相关。结论：新的多维COPD标准成功地识别了日本吸烟者的加重风险增加，包括那些没有气流限制的吸烟者，支持其在不同人群中的适用性。在UMIN注册（UMIN000028387）。

{"title":"Identifying high-risk smokers without airflow limitation using new COPD criteria: pooled analysis of two Japanese cohorts","authors":"Naoya Tanabe , Shotaro Chubachi , Kunihiko Terada , Takashi Shimada , Yoshinori Seri , Hidetoshi Nakamura , Koichiro Asano , Atsuyasu Sato , Susumu Sato , Koichi Fukunaga , Toyohiro Hirai","doi":"10.1016/j.resinv.2026.101368","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.resinv.2026.101368","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Recently proposed multidimensional chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) diagnostic criteria incorporate computed tomography (CT) findings and symptoms beyond airflow limitation. These criteria, developed using North American cohorts, require validation in Asian populations in which COPD phenotypes differ. We examined whether these criteria identify Japanese smokers at increased exacerbation risk, particularly those without airflow limitation.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This retrospective analysis pooled data from two prospective Japanese cohorts (Kyoto-Himeji and K-CCR) that included 517 smokers aged ≥40 years undergoing chest CT and COPD assessment test (CAT). The criteria included one major criterion (airflow limitation) and five minor criteria (emphysema [low attenuation area percent, LAA% ≥5 %], airway wall thickening [wall area percent ≥60 %], symptoms, dyspnea, and chronic bronchitis). COPD was defined as meeting the major criterion plus ≥1 minor criterion or ≥3 minor criteria alone. Negative binomial regression examined three-year exacerbation risk.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Among 517 smokers, 364 had major criteria COPD, 26 had minor criteria-only COPD, 40 had airflow limitation without meeting COPD criteria, and 87 had neither (non-COPD group). Exacerbation rates were 0.270, 0.259, 0.161, and 0.069 per person-year, respectively. Both COPD groups had a significantly greater exacerbation risk than the non-COPD group (adjusted IRR: 4.95 [95 %CI: 1.79–14.62] for minor criteria-only; 3.95 [2.06–7.79] for major criteria). Higher CAT scores and LAA % were independently associated with a greater exacerbation risk in patients with COPD.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The new multidimensional COPD criteria successfully identified Japanese smokers at increased exacerbation risk, including those without airflow limitation, supporting their applicability across different populations. Registered at UMIN (UMIN000028387).</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20934,"journal":{"name":"Respiratory investigation","volume":"64 2","pages":"Article 101368"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145941426","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Epidemiology of interstitial lung diseases in Japan: A nationwide database analysis 日本间质性肺病的流行病学：一个全国性的数据库分析

IF 2 Q2 RESPIRATORY SYSTEM

Respiratory investigation

Pub Date : 2026-01-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.resinv.2026.101367

Koichi Miyashita , Yusuke Inoue , Hideki Yasui , Yuzo Suzuki , Masato Karayama , Hironao Hozumi , Kazuki Furuhashi , Noriyuki Enomoto , Tomoyuki Fujisawa , Eiji Nakatani , Naoki Inui , Toshiyuki Ojima , Takafumi Suda

Background

Interstitial lung disease (ILD) comprises a wide range of pulmonary disorders associated with high morbidity and mortality. Although idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) has been the focus of much prior research, population-level data covering the full spectrum of ILD in Japan remain limited.

Methods

This retrospective cohort study used the National Database of Health Insurance Claims (NDB) in Japan to identify patients diagnosed with ILD from January 2015 to December 2023. We analyzed annual prevalence, incidence, patient demographics, and survival outcomes overall and by ILD subtypes.

Results

A total of 2,758,542 patients with ILD were identified during the study period. ILD prevalence nearly doubled, from 656 per 100,000 population in 2015 to 1301 per 100,000 in 2023, while incidence remained relatively stable (192 per 100,000 in 2015 to 212 per 100,000 in 2023), with a notable decline observed in 2020 (178 per 100,000). Males consistently had higher prevalence and incidence than females. Age and sex distributions differed substantially across ILD subtypes. The overall 5-year survival rate was 59.9 %, with IPF demonstrating the poorest survival (32.1 %).

Conclusions

This nationwide study provides the most comprehensive epidemiological overview of ILD in Japan to date. The insights gained can support evidence-based healthcare planning and help guide priorities for future research and clinical improvements.

背景：间质性肺疾病（ILD）包括一系列与高发病率和死亡率相关的肺部疾病。虽然特发性肺纤维化（IPF）已成为许多先前研究的焦点，但覆盖日本全谱ILD的人群水平数据仍然有限。方法：本回顾性队列研究使用日本国家健康保险索赔数据库（NDB）识别2015年1月至2023年12月诊断为ILD的患者。我们分析了年度患病率、发病率、患者人口统计数据以及总体和ILD亚型的生存结果。结果研究期间共发现2758542例ILD患者。ILD患病率几乎翻了一番，从2015年的656 / 10万人增加到2023年的1301 / 10万人，而发病率保持相对稳定（2015年的192 / 10万人到2023年的212 / 10万人），到2020年观察到显著下降（178 / 10万人）。男性的患病率和发病率始终高于女性。年龄和性别分布在ILD亚型之间存在显著差异。总体5年生存率为59.9%，IPF表现出最差的生存率（32.1%）。这项全国性的研究提供了迄今为止日本ILD最全面的流行病学概况。获得的见解可以支持基于证据的医疗保健计划，并帮助指导未来研究和临床改进的优先事项。

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引用次数: 0

IL1RL1 rs11685480 polymorphism is associated with IL-33/IL1RL1 pathway activity and asthma severity in a Japanese population IL1RL1 rs11685480多态性与IL-33/IL1RL1通路活性和日本人群哮喘严重程度相关

IF 2 Q2 RESPIRATORY SYSTEM

Respiratory investigation

Pub Date : 2026-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.resinv.2025.101362

Keita Hirai , Saya Kobayashi , Yuuka Ogasawara , Sekiko Uehara , Taisuke Akamatsu , Toshihiro Shirai , Kunihiko Itoh

Background

Severe asthma is characterized by frequent exacerbations and reduced quality of life. Determining the factors that influence disease severity is essential for optimizing treatment. Epithelial cell-derived cytokines, including interleukin-33 (IL-33) and thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP), activate group 2 innate lymphoid cells, promoting type 2 inflammation. Genetic polymorphisms in the IL33 and TSLP genes, as well as their receptors interleukin-1 receptor-like 1 (IL1RL1) and interleukin-7 receptor (IL7R), have been linked to increased asthma susceptibility. The specific contributions of these polymorphisms to asthma pathogenesis remain undefined. This study examines the impact of genetic variations in epithelial cell-derived cytokine genes on asthma severity.

Methods

This observational study included 169 adults with asthma, of whom 53 had severe asthma. The analysis focused on ten polymorphisms with minor allele frequencies above 10 % in the IL33, IL1RL1, TSLP, and IL7R genes.

Results

The A allele of the IL1RL1 rs11685480 polymorphism was a risk factor for severe asthma (odds ratio 3.54, 95 % confidence interval 1.17–10.72). This allele was associated with elevated IL1RL1 mRNA expression in T cells, which correlated with higher fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) levels and increased peripheral blood eosinophil counts. Additionally, this allele is linked to reduced plasma concentrations of soluble ST2 (sST2), and lower sST2 levels are associated with increased FeNO.

Conclusion

The IL1RL1 rs11685480 polymorphism is associated with severe asthma. This polymorphism increases IL1RL1 expression and decreases sST2 levels, intensifying type 2 inflammation. These results elucidate the mechanism by which this gene variant modulates the IL-33/IL1RL1 signaling axis.

背景：重度哮喘的特点是频繁发作和生活质量下降。确定影响疾病严重程度的因素对于优化治疗至关重要。上皮细胞来源的细胞因子，包括白细胞介素-33 （IL-33）和胸腺基质淋巴生成素（TSLP），激活2组先天淋巴样细胞，促进2型炎症。IL33和TSLP基因及其受体白介素-1受体样1 （IL1RL1）和白介素-7受体（IL7R）的遗传多态性与哮喘易感性增加有关。这些多态性在哮喘发病机制中的具体作用尚不清楚。本研究探讨了上皮细胞来源的细胞因子基因的遗传变异对哮喘严重程度的影响。方法本观察性研究纳入169例成人哮喘患者，其中53例为重度哮喘。分析集中在IL33、IL1RL1、TSLP和IL7R基因中10个小等位基因频率超过10%的多态性。结果IL1RL1 rs11685480多态性的A等位基因是严重哮喘的危险因素（优势比3.54,95%可信区间1.17 ~ 10.72）。该等位基因与T细胞中IL1RL1 mRNA表达升高有关，这与较高的分数呼出一氧化氮（FeNO）水平和外周血嗜酸性粒细胞计数增加有关。此外，该等位基因与血浆可溶性ST2 （sST2）浓度降低有关，而较低的sST2水平与FeNO升高有关。结论IL1RL1 rs11685480多态性与重度哮喘相关。这种多态性增加了IL1RL1表达，降低了sST2水平，加剧了2型炎症。这些结果阐明了该基因变异调节IL-33/IL1RL1信号轴的机制。

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引用次数: 0

Corrigendum to “Long-term effects of inhaled treprostinil in Japanese patients with pulmonary hypertension associated with interstitial lung disease” [Respir Invest, Volume 64, Issue 1, January 2026, 101340] “日本肺高血压合并间质性肺病患者吸入曲前列替尼的长期影响”[呼吸投资，64卷，第1期，2026年1月，101340]。

IF 2 Q2 RESPIRATORY SYSTEM

Respiratory investigation

Pub Date : 2026-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.resinv.2025.101365

Yasuhiro Kondoh , Takashi Ogura , Osamu Nishiyama , Hideyuki Kinoshita , Takeshi Ogo , Nobuhiro Tanabe , Shun Minatsuki , Kazuhiko Nakayama , Yu Taniguchi , Kenta Takahashi , Takashi Orido , Seiichiro Sakao

引用次数: 0

Non-vascular interventional radiology techniques versus video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery in stage II–III empyema: a retrospective cohort study 非血管介入放射技术与视频胸腔镜手术治疗II-III期脓胸：一项回顾性队列研究。

IF 2 Q2 RESPIRATORY SYSTEM

Respiratory investigation

Pub Date : 2026-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.resinv.2025.101356

Yoshio Nakano , Masahisa Nakamura , Iwao Gohma

Background

Empyema often requires surgery such as video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS). Minimally invasive nonvascular interventional radiology (IR) techniques, including hydrodissection and guidewire dissection, may be alternatives. We compared outcomes of IR and VATS for stage II–III empyema.

Methods

We retrospectively analyzed 45 patients with stage II–III empyema treated at a single center between April 2021 and October 2024 (IR, n = 23; VATS, n = 22). Primary treatment success was resolution without conversion to surgical management; repeat IR procedures were considered part of the IR strategy. Groups were compared using appropriate statistical tests (p < 0.05).

Results

The Primary treatment success was 87.0 % (20/23) in the IR group and 100 % (22/22) in the VATS group (p = 0.233). The overall clinical outcome, including cases that required subsequent surgery, was 95.6 % in the IR group and 100 % in the VATS group (p = 1). One patient in the IR group required three IR sessions, all performed through the same access site. While IR recipients were significantly older (median 78.0 versus [vs.] 71.5 years; p = 0.046) and had worse performance status (p = 0.015), there was no significant difference in hospital stay, drainage duration, or antibiotic therapy. Ninety-day mortality was 8.7 % (2/23) for IR and 0 % (0/22) for VATS (p = 0.49), with no procedure-related deaths.

Conclusion

In this cohort, no statistically significant difference in overall outcomes was observed between IR-based management and VATS for stage II–III empyema.

背景：脓胸通常需要手术治疗，如电视胸腔镜手术（VATS）。微创非血管介入放射学（IR）技术，包括水解剖和导丝解剖，可能是另一种选择。我们比较了IR和VATS治疗II-III期脓胸的结果。方法：我们回顾性分析了2021年4月至2024年10月在单一中心治疗的45例II-III期脓胸患者（IR, n = 23； VATS, n = 22）。初步治疗的成功是没有转向手术治疗；重复IR程序被认为是IR策略的一部分。结果：IR组首次治疗成功率为87.0% (20/23)，VATS组首次治疗成功率为100% (22/22)（p = 0.233）。总体临床结果，包括需要后续手术的病例，IR组为95.6%，VATS组为100% （p = 1）。红外组的一名患者需要三次红外治疗，全部通过相同的访问部位进行。虽然接受IR治疗的患者明显更老（中位78.0岁vs. 71.5岁，p = 0.046），并且表现状况更差（p = 0.015），但住院时间、引流时间或抗生素治疗方面没有显著差异。IR组90天死亡率为8.7% (2/23)，VATS组90天死亡率为0% (0/22)(p = 0.49)，无手术相关死亡。结论：在该队列中，基于ir的治疗与VATS治疗II-III期脓胸的总体结果无统计学差异。

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引用次数: 0