Comparison of different approaches to texturing monocrystalline silicon wafers for solar cell applications

IF 2.1 4区 化学 Q3 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL Surface Science Pub Date : 2024-06-26 DOI:10.1016/j.susc.2024.122540
Seungyong Han , Mengmeng Chu , Duy Phong Pham , Suresh Kumar Dhungel , Junsin Yi
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Abstract

Texturing the surface of crystalline silicon wafers is a very important step in the production of high-efficiency solar cells. Alkaline texturing creates pyramids on the silicon surface, lowering surface reflectivity and improving light trapping in solar cells. This article provides a comparative evaluation of various wet texturing methods using alkaline solutions with or without additives commonly known as surfactants. One method uses sodium hydroxide (NaOH) and isopropyl alcohol (IPA) to create a surface with a height of about 4.5 μm by texturing for about 30 min, while the other method uses potassium hydroxide (KOH) and other additions known as additives. Texturing was performed using chemicals for only 15 min to create a surface shape with a height of approximately 3.5 μm. Additionally, the two solutions showed reflectance of 8.01 % or 12.1 % in 400–1100 nm, respectively. Both processes used alkaline etching at 80 °C for saw damage removal (SDR) before texturing. These processes have also been investigated in terms of removing potential organic contaminants from surfaces. Characterization techniques used throughout the investigation included optical microscopy, surface reflectance measurements, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and electron dispersive spectroscopy (EDS). The purpose of this study is to confirm through experiments which texturing techniques are more suitable for mass production and to develop time- and cost-effective texturing techniques for industrial production of high-throughput, high-efficiency solar cells.

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太阳能电池应用中单晶硅晶片制绒不同方法的比较
对晶体硅晶片表面进行制绒是生产高效太阳能电池的一个非常重要的步骤。碱性制绒可在硅表面形成金字塔,降低表面反射率,改善太阳能电池的光捕获。本文比较评估了使用碱性溶液(含或不含添加剂,通常称为表面活性剂)的各种湿法制绒方法。其中一种方法使用氢氧化钠(NaOH)和异丙醇(IPA),通过约 30 分钟的制绒形成高度约为 4.5 μm 的表面,而另一种方法则使用氢氧化钾(KOH)和其他添加剂。而另一种方法则使用氢氧化钾(KOH)和其他被称为添加剂的添加剂,仅用 15 分钟的时间就能形成高度约为 3.5 μm 的表面形状。此外,这两种溶液在 400-1100 纳米波段的反射率分别为 8.01% 或 12.1%。这两种工艺在制绒前都在 80 °C 下进行了碱性蚀刻,以去除锯损(SDR)。在去除表面潜在有机污染物方面,也对这些工艺进行了研究。整个调查过程中使用的表征技术包括光学显微镜、表面反射率测量、扫描电子显微镜 (SEM) 和电子色散光谱 (EDS)。本研究的目的是通过实验确认哪种制绒技术更适合大规模生产,并为高通量、高效太阳能电池的工业化生产开发省时、经济的制绒技术。
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来源期刊
Surface Science
Surface Science 化学-物理:凝聚态物理
CiteScore
3.30
自引率
5.30%
发文量
137
审稿时长
25 days
期刊介绍: Surface Science is devoted to elucidating the fundamental aspects of chemistry and physics occurring at a wide range of surfaces and interfaces and to disseminating this knowledge fast. The journal welcomes a broad spectrum of topics, including but not limited to: • model systems (e.g. in Ultra High Vacuum) under well-controlled reactive conditions • nanoscale science and engineering, including manipulation of matter at the atomic/molecular scale and assembly phenomena • reactivity of surfaces as related to various applied areas including heterogeneous catalysis, chemistry at electrified interfaces, and semiconductors functionalization • phenomena at interfaces relevant to energy storage and conversion, and fuels production and utilization • surface reactivity for environmental protection and pollution remediation • interactions at surfaces of soft matter, including polymers and biomaterials. Both experimental and theoretical work, including modeling, is within the scope of the journal. Work published in Surface Science reaches a wide readership, from chemistry and physics to biology and materials science and engineering, providing an excellent forum for cross-fertilization of ideas and broad dissemination of scientific discoveries.
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