The role of social support and social identification in challenge and threat, perceived stress, and life satisfaction

IF 4.8 2区 心理学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, SOCIAL Social and Personality Psychology Compass Pub Date : 2024-07-11 DOI:10.1111/spc3.12982
Jamie C. Gillman, Martin J. Turner, Matthew J. Slater
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Abstract

Individualistic appraisals have dominated contemporary stress theory and have too often overlooked socially derived perceptions of group resources. The aim of this study was to examine the effect of social support and social identification on individuals' challenge and threat appraisal, perceived stress, and life satisfaction across a range of group contexts. An online survey was completed by 480 participants across four groups: students (n = 110), workplace employees (n = 126), team sport athletes (n = 116), and group exercisers (n = 128) on one occasion. We found a positive relationship between social support and social identification along with significant associations of these social factors being positively related with self‐efficacy, control, approach, and challenge, while negatively related with threat. Avoidance, along with challenge and threat was positively associated with perceived stress, while self‐efficacy was negatively associated with perceived stress. Further, control, self‐efficacy, social identification, and social support was positively associated with life satisfaction, while approach, threat, and perceived stress was negatively associated, with life satisfaction. Social identification also moderated the positive association between social support and life satisfaction. Overall, we found evidence for the resource appraisals outlined in contemporary theory being associated with both social support and social identification, along with perceived stress and life satisfaction across different group contexts. Therefore, when understanding individuals' stress responses and associated life satisfaction, research and practice should consider the combination of individual and social factors.
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社会支持和社会认同在挑战与威胁、感知压力和生活满意度中的作用
个人主义评价在当代压力理论中占据主导地位,但却往往忽视了社会对群体资源的感知。本研究旨在探讨社会支持和社会认同对个人在各种群体背景下的挑战和威胁评估、感知压力和生活满意度的影响。有 480 名参与者完成了一项在线调查,他们来自四个群体:学生(110 人)、工作场所雇员(126 人)、团队运动运动员(116 人)和团体锻炼者(128 人)。我们发现,社会支持和社会认同之间存在正相关关系,这些社会因素与自我效能、控制、接近和挑战之间存在显著的正相关关系,而与威胁之间存在负相关关系。回避、挑战和威胁与感知到的压力呈正相关,而自我效能感与感知到的压力呈负相关。此外,控制、自我效能、社会认同和社会支持与生活满意度呈正相关,而接近、威胁和感知压力与生活满意度呈负相关。社会认同也调节了社会支持与生活满意度之间的正相关。总之,我们发现有证据表明,在不同的群体背景下,当代理论中概述的资源评估与社会支持和社会认同以及感知压力和生活满意度都有关联。因此,在理解个人的压力反应和相关生活满意度时,研究和实践应考虑个人和社会因素的结合。
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来源期刊
Social and Personality Psychology Compass
Social and Personality Psychology Compass Psychology-Social Psychology
CiteScore
5.20
自引率
2.20%
发文量
59
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