The uniaxial compressive strength of concrete: revisited

IF 3.4 3区 工程技术 Q2 CONSTRUCTION & BUILDING TECHNOLOGY Materials and Structures Pub Date : 2024-07-12 DOI:10.1617/s11527-024-02422-x
David Z. Yankelevsky
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Abstract

This paper re-examines common notions and conventions regarding the compressive strength of concrete in general and of the uniaxial compressive strength of concrete in particular. A distinction is introduced between the strength of the specimen and the strength of the concrete as a material, and the commonly measured and adopted strength is shown to be the specimen’s strength, wrongly interpreted as the material’s strength. the two major damage modes of concrete specimens (with the formation of either longitudinal cracks or shear bands) are discussed. Such failure modes are wrongly considered as features of concrete behavior in uniaxial compression, but this is not the case. Longitudinal cracking is due to lateral expansion (Poisson’s effect) and occurs at a relatively low applied load in absence of friction at specimen’s top and bottom boundaries. Shear failure (accompanied by the formation of an inclined shear band) is related to the shear envelope parameters that are related to the concrete mixture, but the applied ultimate pressure is not the concrete uniaxial compressive strength. Hence, though caused by applied compressive loading, these failure modes are little/hardly related to the concrete material intended as the ultimate uniaxial stress (strength) corresponding to a maximum value of the uniaxial compressive strain. Using the shear envelope parameters has been proven to yield a very good prediction of the applied compressive loading of the specimen in the limit state, as a demonstration that the applied pressure at specimen’s failure resulting from the formation of inclined fracture bands is the specimen’s failure strength, and not the material’s compressive strength! Reasons are given against the existence of a uniaxial compressive strength failure for concrete, and a piece of evidence in this direction is provided by concrete specimens subjected to pure hydrostatic compression, that do not fail at all. The entire issue requires, therefore, a deep revisiting and re-thinking, to provide correct measures for representing concrete response under compression in analysis and design.

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混凝土的单轴抗压强度:再探讨
本文重新审查了有关混凝土抗压强度,特别是混凝土单轴抗压强度的常见概念和惯例。本文对试件强度和作为材料的混凝土强度进行了区分,并指出通常测量和采用的强度是试件强度,而被错误地解释为材料强度。这种破坏模式被错误地认为是混凝土在单轴受压时的行为特征,但事实并非如此。纵向裂缝是由于横向膨胀(泊松效应)造成的,在试样顶部和底部边界没有摩擦的情况下,以相对较低的外加荷载出现。剪切破坏(伴随着倾斜剪切带的形成)与混凝土混合物的剪切包络参数有关,但施加的极限压力并非混凝土的单轴抗压强度。因此,尽管这些失效模式是由外加抗压荷载引起的,但与混凝土材料几乎没有关系,因为极限单轴应力(强度)与单轴抗压应变的最大值相对应。事实证明,使用剪切包络参数可以很好地预测试件在极限状态下的外加抗压荷载,证明试件破坏时因倾斜断裂带的形成而产生的外加压力就是试件的破坏强度,而不是材料的抗压强度!反对混凝土存在单轴抗压强度失效的理由,纯静水压力下的混凝土试样提供了这方面的证据,但这些试样根本没有失效。因此,需要对整个问题进行深入的重新审视和思考,以便在分析和设计中提供正确的措施来反映混凝土在受压情况下的反应。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
Materials and Structures
Materials and Structures 工程技术-材料科学:综合
CiteScore
6.40
自引率
7.90%
发文量
222
审稿时长
5.9 months
期刊介绍: Materials and Structures, the flagship publication of the International Union of Laboratories and Experts in Construction Materials, Systems and Structures (RILEM), provides a unique international and interdisciplinary forum for new research findings on the performance of construction materials. A leader in cutting-edge research, the journal is dedicated to the publication of high quality papers examining the fundamental properties of building materials, their characterization and processing techniques, modeling, standardization of test methods, and the application of research results in building and civil engineering. Materials and Structures also publishes comprehensive reports prepared by the RILEM’s technical committees.
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