Toxoplasma gondii Exposure and Dietary Habits of Two Sympatric Carnivores in the Valdivian Temperate Rainforest, Southern Chile.

IF 1.1 4区 农林科学 Q3 VETERINARY SCIENCES Journal of Wildlife Diseases Pub Date : 2024-10-01 DOI:10.7589/JWD-D-23-00118
Carlos Calvo-Mac, Andrés Ugarte-Barriga, Carlos Canales-Cerro, Sebastián A Klarian, Carolina Cárcamo, Juan Vargas-Pérez, Gonzalo Medina-Vogel
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Abstract

Toxoplasma gondii, a parasitic protozoan, may infect most warm-blooded animals, including humans and carnivores. Our study focused on alien-invasive American minks (Neogale vison) and domestic cats (Felis catus) in the Valdivian Temperate Rainforest, Chile. The main goal was to investigate the relationship between their dietary habits and T. gondii exposure in the Valdivia River watershed. To detect T. gondii exposure, blood serum samples from 49 domestic cats and 40 American minks were analyzed using an ELISA, and stable isotope analysis of δ15N and δ13C from vibrissae was performed to determine the dietary habits of both species. Relationships between T. gondii exposure and dietary habits were explored using generalized linear mixed-effects models. American minks that were T. gondii seropositive exhibited a broader prey range compared to seropositive domestic cats, with minimal dietary overlap between the two groups. Exposure of domestic cats to T. gondii had no significant association with any isotope value or prey item in their diet. In American minks, we found a positive and significant association between the proportion of Domestic chicken (Gallus gallus domesticus) in the diet and high δ15N values with T. gondii exposure. This suggests that domestic species prey related to anthropogenic areas, and the consumption of high-trophic-level prey, may contribute to T. gondii exposure in American minks. Conversely, contrary to previous hypotheses, consumption of rodents showed no significant association with T. gondii exposure in either species. Our findings emphasize the importance of further research to investigate trophic interactions in the transmission dynamics of T. gondii in the Valdivian Temperate Rainforest.

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智利南部瓦尔迪维亚温带雨林中两种同栖食肉动物的弓形虫暴露和饮食习惯。
摘要:弓形虫是一种寄生原生动物,可感染大多数温血动物,包括人类和食肉动物。我们的研究主要针对智利瓦尔迪维亚温带雨林中的外来入侵美洲水貂(Neogale vison)和家猫(Felis catus)。研究的主要目的是调查它们的饮食习惯与瓦尔迪维亚河流域淋球菌暴露之间的关系。为了检测淋球菌暴露情况,研究人员使用酶联免疫吸附法分析了 49 只家猫和 40 只美洲水貂的血清样本,并对猫科动物匍匐茎的 δ15N 和 δ13C 进行了稳定同位素分析,以确定这两种动物的饮食习惯。使用广义线性混合效应模型探讨了淋病双球菌暴露与饮食习惯之间的关系。与血清反应呈阳性的家猫相比,T. gondii血清反应呈阳性的美洲水貂的猎物范围更广,两组之间的饮食重叠极少。家猫感染淋病与它们饮食中的任何同位素值或猎物都没有明显的联系。在美洲水貂中,我们发现家鸡(Gallus gallus domesticus)在食物中的比例与淋病双球菌暴露的高δ15N值之间存在显著的正相关。这表明,与人为地区相关的家养物种猎物以及高营养级猎物的食用可能会导致美洲水貂接触到淋病双球菌。相反,与之前的假设相反,食用啮齿类动物与这两种动物的淋病接触均无明显关联。我们的发现强调了进一步研究瓦尔迪维亚温带雨林中淋球菌传播动态中营养相互作用的重要性。
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来源期刊
Journal of Wildlife Diseases
Journal of Wildlife Diseases 农林科学-兽医学
CiteScore
2.70
自引率
0.00%
发文量
213
审稿时长
6-16 weeks
期刊介绍: The JWD publishes reports of wildlife disease investigations, research papers, brief research notes, case and epizootic reports, review articles, and book reviews. The JWD publishes the results of original research and observations dealing with all aspects of infectious, parasitic, toxic, nutritional, physiologic, developmental and neoplastic diseases, environmental contamination, and other factors impinging on the health and survival of free-living or occasionally captive populations of wild animals, including fish, amphibians, reptiles, birds, and mammals. Papers on zoonoses involving wildlife and on chemical immobilization of wild animals are also published. Manuscripts dealing with surveys and case reports may be published in the Journal provided that they contain significant new information or have significance for better understanding health and disease in wild populations. Authors are encouraged to address the wildlife management implications of their studies, where appropriate.
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