Thulium laser extraction of angioembolization coils in patient presenting with nephrolithiasis: A case report

Abstract

Renal Artery Embolization (RAE) is a first-line treatment for arteriovenous fistula complications, which may occur following percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL). A rare complication of RAE is metal coil migration, which may present with nephrolithiasis symptoms, including hematuria and flank pain. Imaging like Computed Tomography (CT) Angiography can help assess the risk of hemorrhage due to coil location relative to vasculature. Subsequently, ureteroscopy can be done with thulium laser excision of the coils and lithotripsy of adherent stone. This case is one of the first to demonstrate that endourological thulium laser excision is a safe and effective management for migrated angioembolization coils.