Cultural Heritage Preservation in the Face of Globalization

Abstract

Purpose: The general objective of this study was to explore cultural heritage preservation in the face of globalization. Methodology: The study adopted a desktop research methodology. Desk research refers to secondary data or that which can be collected without fieldwork. Desk research is basically involved in collecting data from existing resources hence it is often considered a low cost technique as compared to field research, as the main cost is involved in executive’s time, telephone charges and directories. Thus, the study relied on already published studies, reports and statistics. This secondary data was easily accessed through the online journals and library. Findings: The findings reveal that there exists a contextual and methodological gap relating to cultural heritage preservation in the face of globalization. Preliminary empirical review revealed that globalization presented both opportunities and challenges for cultural heritage preservation. While it facilitated cultural exchange and increased international support, it also led to the commercialization and potential degradation of heritage sites. Economic pressures and urbanization posed significant threats, but community involvement and the use of modern technologies offered innovative solutions. Effective preservation required a balanced approach, integrating sustainable tourism, comprehensive urban planning, and empowered local communities to protect and promote cultural identities amidst global influences. Unique Contribution to Theory, Practice and Policy: The Cultural Globalization Theory, Social Identity Theory and Cultural Capital Theory may be used to anchor future studies on cultural heritage preservation. The study recommended enhancing community involvement, leveraging digital technologies, promoting sustainable tourism practices, strengthening legal and policy frameworks, encouraging international cooperation, and fostering education and public awareness. These recommendations aimed to ensure the active participation of local communities, utilize digital tools for wider access and documentation, balance the economic benefits of tourism with preservation needs, establish robust legal protections, facilitate international collaboration for shared knowledge and resources, and increase public understanding and appreciation of cultural heritage. These measures were suggested to effectively preserve cultural heritage in the face of globalization's challenges.