Digital Divide and Social Inequality

Abstract

Purpose: The general objective of this study was to examine digital divide and social inequality. Methodology: The study adopted a desktop research methodology. Desk research refers to secondary data or that which can be collected without fieldwork. Desk research is basically involved in collecting data from existing resources hence it is often considered a low cost technique as compared to field research, as the main cost is involved in executive’s time, telephone charges and directories. Thus, the study relied on already published studies, reports and statistics. This secondary data was easily accessed through the online journals and library. Findings: The findings reveal that there exists a contextual and methodological gap relating to digital divide and social inequality. Preliminary empirical review revealed that the digital divide exacerbated social inequalities in education, employment, and healthcare, primarily due to disparities in digital access and literacy. Despite technological advancements, marginalized groups continued to face significant barriers in using digital technologies effectively. The COVID-19 pandemic further highlighted these issues, underscoring the necessity for comprehensive strategies that included both digital literacy programs and improved access. The study emphasized the importance of targeted interventions and collaborative efforts to bridge the digital divide and promote social equity. Unique Contribution to Theory, Practice and Policy: The study made significant contributions to theory, practice, and policy. It advanced theoretical frameworks by integrating Knowledge Gap Theory, Social Capital Theory, and Structuration Theory to better understand digital disparities. Practically, it highlighted the need for targeted digital literacy programs and community-based digital hubs. Policy recommendations included prioritizing investments in digital infrastructure, subsidizing digital access for low-income households, and integrating digital literacy into education curricula. The study also emphasized bridging the urban-rural digital divide, enhancing digital equity in education, and developing inclusive digital policies with stakeholder engagement and continuous monitoring.