IAQ and environmental health literacy: lived experiences of vulnerable people

Abstract

Like other environmental concerns that affect human health, indoor air quality (IAQ) needs to be understood not only scientifically but also by the citizens who are affected by it. Six online focus groups sessions were conducted with people living in London who could be considered particularly vulnerable to air pollution exposure, namely older people, parents with young children and people with underlying health conditions. Each session involved an iterative process of group discussion, information provision and reflection/further discussion. A deductive thematic analysis guided by an environmental health literacy (EHL) lens was used to explore participants’ awareness of, and lived experience with, IAQ. The findings contribute to a better understanding of the EHL of vulnerable people, whilst also suggesting that learning more about IAQ (given the participants’ low level of prior knowledge) can be effective in increasing people’s willingness to make behavioural changes in indoor contexts. Several practical measures could be taken by various stakeholders to reduce residents’ exposure, especially those who have limited agency due to vulnerability (e.g. reduced mobility) or other personal circumstances (e.g. residing in a rental property). Policy relevance The findings from this study contribute to a better understanding of the EHL of vulnerable London residents, whilst also suggesting that information provision in the format of iterative discussion and group learning is effective at increasing people’s willingness and ability to make behavioural changes in indoor contexts. They also underscore the importance of providing occupants with information that not only encourages the use of ventilation systems but also includes awareness-raising materials concerning the sources and negative health impacts of poor IAQ. Furthermore, filtration technology should be made affordable which could require subsidies as part of national or regional air pollution policy; or new legislation to require air filtration systems in all new build or rented properties. Meanwhile, action from other stakeholders, notably landlords and housing authorities/associations, is also required to ensure good IAQ in rental properties, whilst tailored building design is needed to support people with reduced mobility.