Preparation of Nano-Sized Eucalyptus Leaves Extract and its Application on Cotton as Natural Dyes and Antibacterial Agents

Ida Nuramdhani, Nurfadilah Ikhsani, Iceu Agustinisari
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Abstract

Nano-emulsions of Eucalyptus globulus leaves extract in 96% ethanol and 96% methanol were successfully prepared using the method of homogenization at various speeds of 13,000 rpm, 15,000 rpm and 17,000 rpm, with the addition of non-ionic surfactant to prevent agglomeration. A phytochemical analysis showed the presence of tannin, phenol and flavonoids. The size of the resulting nano-emulsions was measured using a particle size analyser (PSA) prior to the dyeing of cotton fabrics using the two-dips-two-nips method. Antibacterial tests were carried out on the extracts and dyed fabrics. The results showed that nano-sized particles (< 100 nm) were obtained from all extracts in both solvents used at all speeds. All dyed fabrics showed good levelness in a pale-brown colour with K/S values < 1 for all samples under spectrophotometric measurement. The colour fastness of the dyed fabrics to washing and rubbing were good to very good, with grey scale values ranging between 4/5–5. Antibacterial tests in Staphylococcus aureus bacterium showed that the eucalyptus leaves extract solution exhibited antibacterial ability, as evidenced by the formation of clear zones around the wells. Much better antibacterial activity was demonstrated by the dyed fabrics. Changing the particle size to nano increased the effectiveness of the antibacterial activity of the Eucalyptus globulus. Results showed that the nano-sized eucalyptus leaves extract demonstrated a more significant antibacterial activity than dyeability.
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纳米级桉树叶提取物的制备及其作为天然染料和抗菌剂在棉花上的应用
采用均质方法,以 13,000 rpm、15,000 rpm 和 17,000 rpm 的不同转速成功制备了球桉叶提取物在 96% 乙醇和 96% 甲醇中的纳米乳液,并添加了非离子表面活性剂以防止结块。植物化学分析显示,其中含有单宁、酚和黄酮类化合物。在采用两点两点法对棉织物进行染色之前,使用粒度分析仪(PSA)测量了所得纳米乳液的粒度。对提取物和染色织物进行了抗菌测试。结果表明,在所有速度下,所有提取物在所用的两种溶剂中都能获得纳米级颗粒(< 100 nm)。在分光光度测量下,所有染色织物都显示出良好的匀染性,呈淡褐色,所有样品的 K/S 值均小于 1。染色织物的耐洗色牢度和耐摩擦色牢度从良好到非常好,灰度值在 4/5-5 之间。对金黄色葡萄球菌进行的抗菌测试表明,桉叶提取物溶液具有抗菌能力,这表现在井周围形成了清晰的区域。染色织物的抗菌活性要好得多。将粒径改为纳米级后,球桉叶抗菌活性的有效性得到了提高。结果表明,纳米级桉叶提取物的抗菌活性比染色性更显著。
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