Use of Buprenorphine in the Prehospital Setting

Abstract

Purpose: Buprenorphine is a lifesaving medication in opioid use disorder (OUD). Emergency Medical Services (EMS) play a crucial role in responding to opioid overdoses. The pre-hospital use of buprenorphine by EMS can expand access to this important medication. This article aims to provide a narrative review of the use of buprenorphine in the pre-hospital setting. Methods:  This is a narrative review of recent publications that describe the use of buprenorphine to treat opioid withdrawal in the pre-hospital setting. Results: There are a few well done studies that describe protocols, safety, and efficacy of the administration of buprenorphine in the pre-hospital setting by EMS providers. The pharmacology of buprenorphine makes it advantageous in treating opioid use disorder. Proper patient selection and protocols for the administration of buprenorphine are key to the success of implementing pre-hospital buprenorphine programs. Conclusions: The pre-hospital administration of buprenorphine for opioid use disorder should be considered by EMS agencies.