Repair and Regeneration of Bone Tissue by Scaffold Implant — A Biomechanical Review

Abstract

The regeneration and repair of bone tissue is a multiphase process that requires a lot of attention, especially if stimulated through scaffold implantation. This review analyzes the process from both a biological and mechanical point of view through the analysis of the porosity and characteristics of the biomaterials that can provide optimal regeneration of bone tissue and functional vascularization that prevents implant failure. Particular attention is paid to the porosity of the new biomaterials and the related physiological effects and the angiogenesis process that the biomaterials themselves can stimulate, analyzing some of the works present in the literature.