Combined Use of Phosphatidylethanol and the Audit Test for Detecting of Alcohol Abuse

Abstract

Aim: To estimate the prevalence of alcohol abuse among men by using combined the direct biochemical marker phosphatidylethanol (PEth) and the AUDIT questionnaire (Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test). Subjects and Methods: The concentration of PEth was determined in 136 blood samples of men aged 15 - 65 years. The blood was obtained from the laboratory of the medical advisory centre, where it was submitted for routine biochemical analysis. Immediately before blood sampling, clients were asked to complete the AUDIT questionnaire. Determination of the concentration of PEth was carried out using the method of high performance liquid chromatography - tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC - MS). Statistical data processing was carried out using the Statistica 10.0 program. Results: Discrimination by the level of alcohol consumption using the concentration of PEth showed that the proportion of abstinents (practically not drinking alcohol) among men was 20.6 %; the proportion of moderate drinkers was 63.1 %; the proportion of alcohol abusers was 16.3 %. The highest average concentration of PEth, as well as the proportion of those who abuse alcohol, was observed in the age groups of 50 - 59 and 60+ years. The distribution by level of alcohol consumption according to the total score of the AUDIT test was as follows: abstinents - 17.9 %; moderate drinkers - 69.6 %; alcohol abusers - 12.5 %. The highest average test score, as well as the highest share of alcohol abusers, was observed in the age group 50 - 59 years. Correlation analysis did not reveal any relationship between the concentration of PEth in the blood and the total score of the AUDIT test in any of the age groups of men. Conclusion: The results indicate a fairly high prevalence of alcohol abuse among men. Alcohol-related problems are especially high among middle-aged men. The outcomes suggest a low concordance between the concentration of PEth in the blood and the AUDIT score.