Glucose Triglyceride Index as A Predictor of Coronary Artery Severity Assessed with Syntax Score in Acute Coronary Syndrome Patients

Abstract

Background: Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are a major public health issue around the world. The TyG index has been identified as a credible alternative marker of insulin resistance (IR), which may explain its relationship to CVD. Aim of the Study: The aim of our study was to assess the angiographic severity of coronary artery disease in patients by the SYNTAX score. Methods: This cross-sectional observational study was conducted in the department of Cardiology, National Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases and Hospital (NICVD), Dhaka, Bangladesh, from September 2021 to August 2022. The study included 200 patients. All acquired data was entered into a Microsoft Excel Work Sheet and analyzed using descriptive statistics in SPSS 24.0. Results: The mean age (in years) for Group 1 was 60.20±4.65 (SD) years, and that for Group 2 was 63.03±6.16 (SD) years. Patients with a high TyG index (OR - 5.27, 95% CI (1.71-16.19)) had a significantly 5.27 times higher chance of having intermediate to high SYNTAX scores than patients with a low TyG index. Male patients had 1.39 times more chances of having intermediate to high SYNTAX scores (≥23) than female patients. High TyG index had significantly 4.81 times higher chances of having intermediate to high SYNTAX score (≥23) than the patients with low TyG index. TyG index and SYNTAX score was significantly positively correlated (r=+0.626, p<0.001) for NSTEMI Patients. Conclusion: This study found that the high TyG index had a significant positive association with intermediate to high SYNTAX scores, which indicates disease severity.