Epidemics and diversity of norovirus variants with acute gastroenteritis outbreak in Hongshan District, Wuhan City, China, 2021-2023

IF 4.7 3区医学 Q1 INFECTIOUS DISEASES Journal of Infection and Public Health Pub Date : 2024-07-14 DOI:10.1016/j.jiph.2024.102499

Dandan Xu , Jing Li , Lingyan Han , Ding Chen , Wubo Bao , Li Li , Huawei Wang , Jinglin Shui , Ruyi Liang , Yang Liu , Yingle Liu , Kun Cai , Weihong Chen

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Abstract

Background

Norovirus is the predominant pathogen causing foodborne illnesses and acute gastroenteritis (AGE) outbreaks worldwide, imposing a significant disease burden. This study aimed to investigate the epidemiological characteristics and genotypic diversity of norovirus outbreaks in Hongshan District, Wuhan City.

Methods

A total of 463 AGE cases from 39 AGE-related outbreaks in Hongshan District between January 1, 2021, and June 30, 2023, were included in the study. Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was used to identify norovirus types GI and GII in anal swab samples from all cases. Norovirus-positive samples were sequenced and analyzed for the open reading frame (ORF) 1/ORF2 hinge region.

Results

26 norovirus infectious outbreaks were reported among 39 acute diarrheal outbreaks, including 14 outbreaks in kindergartens, 8 in elementary schools, and 4 in universities. Based on clinical symptoms and epidemiological investigations, a total of 1295 individuals were identified as having been exposed to norovirus, yielding an attack rate of 35.75 %. A higher proportion of outbreaks was observed during the winter and spring seasons (38.46 %). Additionally, norovirus-positive samples were subjected to sequencing and analysis of the open reading frame (ORF) 1/ORF2 hinge region. Genotypic data for norovirus was successfully obtained from 18 (69.23 %) of the infectious outbreaks, revealing 10 distinct recombinant genotypes. GII.4 Sydney 2012 [P31] and GII.17[P17] were the predominant strains in 2021 and 2022, GII.3 [P12] emerged as the dominant strain in 2023.

Conclusion

Norovirus outbreaks in Hongshan District predominantly occurred in crowded educational institutions, with peaks in the cold season and a high attack rate in universities. GII.3 [P12] has become the locally predominant strain.

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2021-2023 年武汉市洪山区急性肠胃炎疫情诺如病毒变种的流行情况和多样性

背景诺如病毒是导致全球食源性疾病和急性胃肠炎（AGE）暴发的主要病原体，造成了严重的疾病负担。本研究旨在调查武汉市洪山区诺如病毒暴发的流行病学特征和基因型多样性。研究方法：本研究共纳入洪山区2021年1月1日至2023年6月30日期间39起AGE相关暴发的463例AGE病例。采用反转录聚合酶链反应（RT-PCR）技术对所有病例的肛拭子样本中的诺如病毒GI型和GII型进行鉴定。对诺如病毒阳性样本进行了测序，并分析了开放阅读框（ORF）1/ORF2铰链区。结果在39起急性腹泻疫情中，共报告了26起诺如病毒感染性疫情，其中14起发生在幼儿园，8起发生在小学，4起发生在大学。根据临床症状和流行病学调查，共有 1295 人被确认感染了诺如病毒，感染率为 35.75%。冬春季节的爆发比例更高（38.46%）。此外，对诺如病毒阳性样本进行了测序和开放阅读框（ORF）1/ORF2 铰链区分析。成功地从 18 个（69.23 %）感染性疫情中获得了诺如病毒的基因型数据，发现了 10 个不同的重组基因型。结论洪山区诺如病毒暴发主要发生在人群密集的教育机构，在寒冷季节达到高峰，高校发病率较高。GII.3[P12]已成为当地的优势毒株。

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来源期刊

Journal of Infection and Public Health PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH -INFECTIOUS DISEASES

CiteScore

13.10

自引率

1.50%

发文量

203

审稿时长

96 days

期刊介绍： The Journal of Infection and Public Health, first official journal of the Saudi Arabian Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences and the Saudi Association for Public Health, aims to be the foremost scientific, peer-reviewed journal encompassing infection prevention and control, microbiology, infectious diseases, public health and the application of healthcare epidemiology to the evaluation of health outcomes. The point of view of the journal is that infection and public health are closely intertwined and that advances in one area will have positive consequences on the other. The journal will be useful to all health professionals who are partners in the management of patients with communicable diseases, keeping them up to date. The journal is proud to have an international and diverse editorial board that will assist and facilitate the publication of articles that reflect a global view on infection control and public health, as well as emphasizing our focus on supporting the needs of public health practitioners. It is our aim to improve healthcare by reducing risk of infection and related adverse outcomes by critical review, selection, and dissemination of new and relevant information in the field of infection control, public health and infectious diseases in all healthcare settings and the community.