Numerical investigation of the effects of increased and mixed chord lengths for a 4-bladed darrieus vertical axis wind turbine

K H Wong, C T J Lim, J. H. Ng, A. Fazlizan, X H Wang
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Abstract

Increasing amounts of study and research on vertical axis wind turbines (VAWTs) have shown that they are a competitive option in wind energy power generation. However, the VAWT’s primary drawback is low power efficiencies. Although there are several studies on the effects of solidity on Darrieus VAWT performances, few focus on the effect of the aerofoil chord length. Hence, in the present study, 2D numerical simulations are performed to explore the effects of different aerofoil chord lengths on the performance of a Darrieus VAWT. The simulation was first validated with the experimental data from the literature. The studied turbine is a 4-bladed VAWT fitted with NACA0021 blades with an original chord length, c of 85.8 mm and another with an increased chord length of 1.2 c (102.96 mm). Additionally, a modified rotor geometry with mixed chord lengths of c and 1.2 c to improve turbine performance is proposed and investigated. The coefficients of power (C P) and torque (C T) for tip speed ratios (TSRs) between 1.4 and 3.3 for each of the turbines are evaluated and comparatively analysed. All the data was obtained using the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) software ANSYS Fluent in conjunction with the shear stress transport (SST) k−ω turbulence model. The findings show that the turbine with 1.2 c chord length and hence larger solidity outperforms those with smaller chord lengths at low TSRs. However, their performances decrease significantly at TSRs above 2.5, resulting in up to 86.1% lower C P values. The mixed chord lengths case was successful at achieving significantly higher C P values at both TSR ranges with only a decrease of 3.03% in maximum C P at its optimum TSR.
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对 4 翼达里尤斯垂直轴风力涡轮机增加弦长和混合弦长的影响进行数值研究
对垂直轴风力涡轮机 (VAWT) 越来越多的研究表明,垂直轴风力涡轮机是风能发电中一种具有竞争力的选择。然而,垂直轴风力涡轮机的主要缺点是发电效率低。虽然有一些研究涉及固体对达里厄斯 VAWT 性能的影响,但很少有人关注气膜弦长的影响。因此,本研究进行了二维数值模拟,以探讨不同气膜弦长对达里厄斯 VAWT 性能的影响。模拟结果首先与文献中的实验数据进行了验证。所研究的涡轮机是一个 4 翼 VAWT,配备 NACA0021 叶片,原始弦长 c 为 85.8 毫米,另一个弦长增加了 1.2 c(102.96 毫米)。此外,还提出并研究了弦长为 c 和 1.2 c 混合的改进转子几何形状,以提高涡轮机的性能。对每种涡轮机在 1.4 和 3.3 之间的叶尖转速比 (TSR) 下的功率系数 (C P) 和扭矩系数 (C T) 进行了评估和比较分析。所有数据均使用计算流体动力学(CFD)软件 ANSYS Fluent 和剪应力传输(SST)k-ω 湍流模型获得。研究结果表明,在低 TSR 条件下,弦长为 1.2 c 的涡轮机性能优于弦长较小的涡轮机。然而,当 TSR 超过 2.5 时,它们的性能明显下降,导致 C P 值降低达 86.1%。弦长混合的情况在两个 TSR 范围内都成功地获得了明显较高的 C P 值,在其最佳 TSR 下,最大 C P 值仅降低了 3.03%。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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