Functional and Radiological Outcomes of a Newly Introduced Modified Manual Cementation Technique Versus Second-Generation Technique in Primary Cemented Hip Arthroplasty

Abstract

Hip arthroplasty is one of the most common reconstructive procedures done in adults.[1] The main purpose of this surgery is to eliminate pain, regain full extent of joint motion, maintaining hip stability, and improve the quality of life for patients. This work aims to compare the clinical and radiological outcomes of two techniques; the second-generation cementation technique and a newly introduced modification of the manual technique in primary cemented hip arthroplasty. This prospective, randomized clinical trial included 44 patients. Patients were allocated into two equal groups: the case Group A; who had primary hip arthroplasty operation with the modified manual cementation technique and the control Group B; who had arthroplasty using the second generation cementation technique. The average follow-up period was about 12 months after the operation. Operation time, intraoperative parameters, postoperative clinical and radiological outcomes, and complications were compared between the two groups. The operation duration was significantly longer in Group B (123.4 ± 9.0 vs. 107.5 ± 15.2, P = 0.001). No intraoperative complications were found among 77% while 13.6% showed allergic reaction to cementation 72% of them are in Group B, 6.8% needed blood transfusion, and 2.3% had pulmonary embolism on cementation. No significant difference between the two studied groups regarding postoperative Visual Analog Scale (VAS) score,[2] barrack grading,[3] complications and Harris hip score[4] at 3 months, 9 months, and 12 months was noted. In conclusion, this study concluded that Group A the newly introduced modified manual cementation technique might provide a cheaper and effective alternative to Group B the second-generation technique, with relatively less intraoperative complications and almost no difference in postoperative VAS, Harris hip score, and radiological outcomes over a period of 1-year follow-up.