The burden and its determinants of mental health distress among adolescents dwelling in Africa: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

IF 3.4 3区医学 Q1 PEDIATRICS Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Mental Health Pub Date : 2024-07-18 DOI:10.1186/s13034-024-00782-4

Techilo Tinsae, Shegaye Shumet, Girmaw Medfu Takelle, Gidey Rtbey, Mamaru Melkam, Fantahun Andualem, Girum Nakie, Tesfaye Segon, Selam Koye, Setegn Fentahun, Wondale Getinet Alemu, Gebresilassie Tadesse

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Abstract

Background: Adolescent mental health issues are emerging as a significant public health concern across many low- and middle-income countries, particularly in Africa. This study aims to evaluate the aggregated prevalence and contributing risk factors of mental health distress among adolescents in Africa.

Methodology: A comprehensive search of PubMed, PsycINFO, Web of Science, Google Scholar, and HINARI databases was conducted to identify relevant articles on the prevalence and risk factors associated with mental health distress among African adolescents, published up to December 2023. The quality of the selected studies was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Quality Assessment Scale. Heterogeneity among the studies was evaluated using the I² statistical test. Potential publication bias was assessed through a funnel plot and Egger's statistical test. This systematic review was registered with PROSPERO under reference number CRD42023494665.

Results: Eighteen studies encompassing data from 37,016 adolescents were included in the analysis. The overall prevalence of mental health distress among adolescents in Africa was found to be 27.34% (95% CI: 23.18-31.50). The occurrence of mental health distress is observed in older adolescents at a prevalence of 29.44% (95% CI: 23.26-35.66) and in younger adolescents at 24.73% (95% CI: 11.96-37.51). Significant risk factors identified included bullying victimization, with an odds ratio (POR) of 1.30 (95% CI: 1.16, 1.46), and experiencing hunger, with an odds ratio (POR) of 2.10 (95% CI: 1.13, 3.91).

Conclusion: The findings indicate a high prevalence of mental health distress among adolescents in Africa, highlighting the widespread impact on this demographic. These results underscore the urgent need for targeted interventions to prevent and address mental health distress among adolescents. Further research on a global scale is essential to develop effective prevention and treatment strategies tailored to this age group.

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非洲青少年心理健康困扰的负担及其决定因素：系统回顾与荟萃分析。

背景：在许多中低收入国家，尤其是非洲国家，青少年心理健康问题正在成为一个重要的公共卫生问题。本研究旨在评估非洲青少年心理健康问题的总体流行率和风险因素：对 PubMed、PsycINFO、Web of Science、Google Scholar 和 HINARI 数据库进行了全面检索，以确定截至 2023 年 12 月发表的关于非洲青少年心理健康困扰的流行率和相关风险因素的相关文章。所选研究的质量采用纽卡斯尔-渥太华质量评估量表进行评估。研究之间的异质性采用 I² 统计检验进行评估。潜在的发表偏倚通过漏斗图和 Egger 统计检验进行评估。本系统综述已在 PROSPERO 注册，参考编号为 CRD42023494665：分析共纳入了 18 项研究，涵盖 37 016 名青少年的数据。研究发现，非洲青少年心理健康困扰的总体流行率为 27.34%（95% CI：23.18-31.50）。年龄较大的青少年心理健康问题发生率为 29.44%（95% CI：23.26-35.66），年龄较小的青少年为 24.73%（95% CI：11.96-37.51）。发现的重要风险因素包括遭受欺凌，其几率比（POR）为 1.30（95% CI：1.16-1.46）；遭受饥饿，其几率比（POR）为 2.10（95% CI：1.13-3.91）：研究结果表明，非洲青少年心理健康问题的发生率很高，凸显了这一人群受到的广泛影响。这些结果突出表明，迫切需要采取有针对性的干预措施来预防和解决青少年的心理健康问题。必须在全球范围内开展进一步的研究，以便针对这一年龄段的人群制定有效的预防和治疗策略。

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来源期刊

Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Mental Health PEDIATRICSPSYCHIATRY-PSYCHIATRY

CiteScore

7.00

自引率

3.60%

发文量

审稿时长

16 weeks

期刊介绍： Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Mental Health, the official journal of the International Association for Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Allied Professions, is an open access, online journal that provides an international platform for rapid and comprehensive scientific communication on child and adolescent mental health across different cultural backgrounds. CAPMH serves as a scientifically rigorous and broadly open forum for both interdisciplinary and cross-cultural exchange of research information, involving psychiatrists, paediatricians, psychologists, neuroscientists, and allied disciplines. The journal focusses on improving the knowledge base for the diagnosis, prognosis and treatment of mental health conditions in children and adolescents, and aims to integrate basic science, clinical research and the practical implementation of research findings. In addition, aspects which are still underrepresented in the traditional journals such as neurobiology and neuropsychology of psychiatric disorders in childhood and adolescence are considered.