Higher‐order being and time

Noûs Pub Date : 2024-07-18 DOI:10.1111/nous.12509
Lukas Skiba
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Abstract

Higher‐order metaphysicians take facts to be higher‐order beings, i.e., entities in the range of irreducibly higher‐order quantifiers. In this paper, I investigate the impact of this conception of facts on the debate about the reality of tense. I identify two major repercussions. The first concerns the logical space of tense realism: on a higher‐order conception of facts, a prominent version of tense realism, dynamic absolutism, turns out to conflict with the laws of (higher‐order tense) logic. The second concerns our understanding of the positions occupying this logical space: on a higher‐order conception of facts, an attractive interpretation of the central tense realist notion of ‘facts constituting reality’ becomes unavailable. I discuss these results in the context of the more general project of higher‐order metaphysics and the (meta)metaphysics of time, drawing out their implications for the nature of the disputes both between realists and anti‐realists about tense and between different tense realist factions.
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高阶存在与时间
高阶形而上学者把事实视为高阶存在,即不可还原的高阶量词范围内的实体。在本文中,我研究了这种事实概念对关于时态现实的争论的影响。我指出了两个主要影响。第一是关于时态现实主义的逻辑空间:在高阶事实概念上,时态现实主义的一个重要版本--动态绝对主义--与(高阶时态)逻辑法则相冲突。第二个问题涉及我们对占据这一逻辑空间的立场的理解:在高阶事实概念上,对 "事实构成现实 "这一时态现实主义核心概念的有吸引力的解释变得不可用了。我将在高阶形而上学和时间(元)形而上学这一更为普遍的项目中讨论这些结果,并引出它们对现实主义者和反现实主义者之间关于时态的争论以及不同时态现实主义派别之间的争论的性质的影响。
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