Survey of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 in captive and free-ranging wildlife from Spain.

IF 3.7 1区 农林科学 Q1 VETERINARY SCIENCES Veterinary Research Pub Date : 2024-07-19 DOI:10.1186/s13567-024-01348-0
Leira Fernández-Bastit, David Cano-Terriza, Javier Caballero-Gómez, Adrián Beato-Benítez, Antonio Fernández, Daniel García-Párraga, Mariano Domingo, Cecilia Sierra, Rocío Canales, Santiago Borragan, Manuel de la Riva-Fraga, Rafael Molina-López, Óscar Cabezón, Maria Puig-Ribas, Johan Espunyes, Daniel B Vázquez-Calero, Júlia Vergara-Alert, Ignacio García-Bocanegra, Joaquim Segalés
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Abstract

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), considered a zoonotic agent of wildlife origin, can infect various animal species, including wildlife in free-range and captive environments. Detecting susceptible species and potential reservoirs is crucial for preventing the transmission, spread, genetic evolution, and further emergence of viral variants that are major threats to global health. This study aimed to detect exposure or acute infection by SARS-CoV-2 in 420 animals from 40 different wildlife species, including terrestrial and aquatic mammals, from different regions of Spain during the 2020-2023 coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) pandemic. In total, 8/137 animals were positive for SARS-CoV-2 antibodies against the receptor binding domain and/or viral nucleoprotein according to independent ELISAs. However, only one ELISA-positive sample of a captive bottlenose dolphin (Tursiops truncatus) tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibodies with a low titre (SNT50 38.15) according to a virus neutralization test. Cetaceans are expected to have a high risk of infection with SARS-CoV-2 according to early predictive studies due to the similarity of their angiotensin converting enzyme 2 cell receptor to that of humans. Moreover, of 283 animals analysed for SARS-CoV-2 RNA using RT-qPCR, none tested positive. Our results reinforce the importance of considering cetaceans at risk for SARS-CoV-2 infection and support taking preventive biosecurity measures when interacting with them, especially in the presence of individuals with suspected or confirmed COVID-19. Although most animals in this study tested negative for acute infection or viral exposure, ongoing surveillance of wildlife species and potentially susceptible animals is important to prevent future spillover events and detect potential novel reservoirs.

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西班牙圈养和放养野生动物严重急性呼吸系统综合征冠状病毒 2 调查。
严重急性呼吸系统综合症冠状病毒 2(SARS-CoV-2)被认为是一种源于野生动物的人畜共患病原体,可感染各种动物物种,包括散养和圈养环境中的野生动物。检测易感物种和潜在的病毒库对于防止病毒变种的传播、扩散、基因进化和进一步出现至关重要,而病毒变种是对全球健康的重大威胁。本研究旨在检测在 2020-2023 年冠状病毒疾病 19(COVID-19)大流行期间,西班牙不同地区 40 种不同野生动物(包括陆生和水生哺乳动物)中 420 只动物接触或急性感染 SARS-CoV-2 的情况。根据独立的酶联免疫吸附试验,共有 8/137 只动物的 SARS-CoV-2 受体结合域和/或病毒核蛋白抗体呈阳性。然而,根据病毒中和试验,只有一只人工饲养的瓶鼻海豚(Tursiops truncatus)的 ELISA 阳性样本对 SARS-CoV-2 中和抗体检测呈阳性,滴度较低(SNT50 38.15)。根据早期预测研究,鲸目动物感染 SARS-CoV-2 的风险很高,因为它们的血管紧张素转换酶 2 细胞受体与人类相似。此外,在使用 RT-qPCR 分析 SARS-CoV-2 RNA 的 283 只动物中,没有一只呈阳性。我们的研究结果加强了考虑鲸目动物感染 SARS-CoV-2 风险的重要性,并支持在与鲸目动物交往时采取预防性生物安全措施,尤其是在有疑似或确诊 COVID-19 感染者的情况下。尽管这项研究中的大多数动物的急性感染或病毒暴露检测结果均为阴性,但对野生动物物种和潜在易感动物的持续监测对于防止未来的外溢事件和检测潜在的新型贮存库非常重要。
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来源期刊
Veterinary Research
Veterinary Research 农林科学-兽医学
CiteScore
7.00
自引率
4.50%
发文量
92
审稿时长
3 months
期刊介绍: Veterinary Research is an open access journal that publishes high quality and novel research and review articles focusing on all aspects of infectious diseases and host-pathogen interaction in animals.
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