Low Light at Specific Growth Stage Affects Photoassimilates Transportation, Seed Quality and Yield in Brassica napus L.

IF 3.7 2区 农林科学 Q1 AGRONOMY Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science Pub Date : 2024-07-20 DOI:10.1111/jac.12735
Hafiz Hassan Javed, Yue Hu, Ali Raza, Nadiyah M. Alabdallah, Muhammad Ahsan Asghar, Khurram Shehzad Khan, Xiao Peng, Abu Zar Ghafoor, Abd Ullah, Yong-Cheng Wu
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Abstract

In many parts of the world, solar radiation has decreased during the past 50 years due to industrialisation-induced elevations in air aerosols which has negatively impacted crop productivity. Climate change threatens rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) production due to shade stress caused by reduced light radiation. However, studies on how shade affects photosynthetic mechanisms in rapeseed (leaves and pod wall) are not well documented. Understanding the mechanisms of shade on yield formation in rapeseed is important for breeding shade-tolerant rapeseed varieties and optimising agricultural management practices in low-light areas. Therefore, this study assesses the impacts of ‘global dimming’ simulated by shading at a specific period on rapeseed's photosynthetic behaviour, yield and seed quality. A two-factor split-plot design was arranged with three shading treatments (CK, FS and PS) and two hybrid genotypes (Chuannong and Zhongyouza) of rapeseed. We observed that shading at the flowering stage (FS) significantly inhibited the leaf area index, chlorophyll content, photosynthetic efficiency and enzymatic activities of both genotypes. Besides that, shading at pod development stage (PS) substantially declined the pod photosynthetic characteristics and transportation of carbohydrates towards economic organ (seeds) which directly decreased the yield of rapeseed. We found that PS treatment remarkably declined the oil content of both genotypes. According to the results, the photosynthetic capacity of rapeseed pod wall had a greater impact on yield and seed quality than leaves. Therefore, improving the photosynthetic capacity and material transport efficiency of the pod wall is a potential measure to increase the yield of rapeseed under shade stress. This study provides a new insight into the effects of shade on rapeseed production and provides a valuable reference for rapeseed breeding techniques to develop high-yielding genotypes by enhancing the photosynthetic efficiency of rapeseed pod wall in low-light conditions.

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特定生长阶段的弱光影响油菜光同化物的运输、种子质量和产量
在过去 50 年中,由于工业化导致空气中气溶胶增加,世界许多地区的太阳辐射减少,对作物产量产生了负面影响。由于光辐射减少导致的遮荫胁迫,气候变化威胁着油菜籽(Brassica napus L.)的生产。然而,有关遮荫如何影响油菜籽(叶片和豆荚壁)光合作用机制的研究还没有很好的记录。了解遮荫对油菜籽产量形成的影响机制,对于培育耐荫油菜品种和优化低光照地区的农业管理措施非常重要。因此,本研究评估了特定时期遮光模拟的 "全球变暗 "对油菜光合作用行为、产量和种子质量的影响。研究采用双因素小区设计,安排了三种遮光处理(CK、FS 和 PS)和两种油菜杂交基因型(川农和中油菜)。我们观察到,花期遮光(FS)明显抑制了两种基因型的叶面积指数、叶绿素含量、光合效率和酶活性。此外,豆荚发育期(PS)的遮光处理大大降低了豆荚的光合特性和碳水化合物向经济器官(种子)的运输,直接降低了油菜籽的产量。我们发现,PS 处理显著降低了两种基因型的含油量。结果表明,与叶片相比,油菜荚壁的光合能力对产量和种子质量的影响更大。因此,提高荚壁的光合能力和物质运输效率是提高遮荫胁迫下油菜产量的潜在措施。该研究对遮荫对油菜籽产量的影响有了新的认识,为油菜育种技术提供了有价值的参考,通过提高低光照条件下油菜荚壁的光合效率,培育高产基因型。
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来源期刊
Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science
Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science 农林科学-农艺学
CiteScore
8.20
自引率
5.70%
发文量
54
审稿时长
7.8 months
期刊介绍: The effects of stress on crop production of agricultural cultivated plants will grow to paramount importance in the 21st century, and the Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science aims to assist in understanding these challenges. In this context, stress refers to extreme conditions under which crops and forages grow. The journal publishes original papers and reviews on the general and special science of abiotic plant stress. Specific topics include: drought, including water-use efficiency, such as salinity, alkaline and acidic stress, extreme temperatures since heat, cold and chilling stress limit the cultivation of crops, flooding and oxidative stress, and means of restricting them. Special attention is on research which have the topic of narrowing the yield gap. The Journal will give preference to field research and studies on plant stress highlighting these subsections. Particular regard is given to application-oriented basic research and applied research. The application of the scientific principles of agricultural crop experimentation is an essential prerequisite for the publication. Studies based on field experiments must show that they have been repeated (at least three times) on the same organism or have been conducted on several different varieties.
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