Intensification of Opening a Thrust Alloy Based on Platinum and Rhodium

IF 0.9 4区 材料科学 Q4 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Inorganic Materials Pub Date : 2024-07-19 DOI:10.1134/s0020168524700110
A. V. Egoshina, G. B. Slepchenko
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Abstract

Alloys based on platinum group metals have high chemical resistance, which causes a number of difficulties when dissolving them. Currently, among hydrometallurgical methods, dissolution in aqua regia is one of the most effective methods for opening corrosion-resistant alloys. The main disadvantage of this method is the release of toxic gases such as nitrosyl chloride and nitrogen oxides. To reduce the volume of released gases without reducing the oxidation-reduction potential (ORP) of the system, a method for dissolving a Pt–Rh alloy in HCl–HNO3 with dosed addition of HNO3 at a given value of the redox potential of the system is proposed in this study. The system potential chosen on the basis of the potentials of the HNO3–HCl–Pt and HNO3–HCl–Rh systems is 0.85 and 0.9 V. The influence of dispersion and defectiveness of the Pt–Rh alloy on its dissolution indices is also investigated. As a result, it is shown that the dissolution of the Pt–Rh alloy with a rhodium content of 15% in HCl–HNO3 at a constant ORP value of 0.9 V compared to the use of classical mixture (HCl : HNO3 = 1 : 3 (vol)) decreases the nitric acid consumption by 40%, reduces the process time, and increases the recovery factor as for platinum, and for rhodium, and also reduces the volume of released nitrogen oxides by half (theoretical calculation). It is established that the process of mechanical activation of the alloy reduces the dissolution time and leads to almost quantitative dissolution of the sample.

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铂铑合金的强化开窗技术
摘要 以铂族金属为基础的合金具有很高的耐化学性,这给溶解它们带来了许多困难。目前,在湿法冶金方法中,王水溶解法是打开耐腐蚀合金最有效的方法之一。这种方法的主要缺点是会释放出亚硝基氯和氮氧化物等有毒气体。为了在不降低系统氧化还原电位(ORP)的情况下减少释放气体的体积,本研究提出了一种在给定系统氧化还原电位值的条件下,在 HCl-HNO3 中溶解铂铑合金并定量添加 HNO3 的方法。根据 HNO3-HCl-Pt 和 HNO3-HCl-Rh 系统的氧化还原电位,选择的系统电位分别为 0.85 和 0.9 V。结果表明,铑含量为 15%的铂铑合金在 HCl-HNO3 中溶解时,ORP 值恒定为 0.9 V,与使用传统混合物(HCl:HNO3 = 1:3(体积比))相比,硝酸消耗量减少 40%,工艺时间缩短,铂和铑的回收率提高,释放的氮氧化物体积减少一半(理论计算)。可以确定的是,合金的机械活化过程缩短了溶解时间,几乎实现了样品的定量溶解。
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来源期刊
Inorganic Materials
Inorganic Materials 工程技术-材料科学:综合
CiteScore
1.40
自引率
25.00%
发文量
80
审稿时长
3-6 weeks
期刊介绍: Inorganic Materials is a journal that publishes reviews and original articles devoted to chemistry, physics, and applications of various inorganic materials including high-purity substances and materials. The journal discusses phase equilibria, including P–T–X diagrams, and the fundamentals of inorganic materials science, which determines preparatory conditions for compounds of various compositions with specified deviations from stoichiometry. Inorganic Materials is a multidisciplinary journal covering all classes of inorganic materials. The journal welcomes manuscripts from all countries in the English or Russian language.
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