Unresolved mystery of cyclic nucleotide second messengers, periplasmic acid phosphatases and bacterial natural competence.

IF 4.1 3区 生物学 Q2 CELL BIOLOGY Microbial Cell Pub Date : 2024-07-18 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI:10.15698/mic2024.07.828
Kristina Kronborg, Yong Everett Zhang
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Abstract

We recently characterized the competitive inhibition of cyclic AMP (cAMP) on three periplasmic acid phosphatases, AphAHi, NadNHi, and eP4 (HelHi), in Haemophilus influenzae Rd KW20. This inhibitory effect is vital for orchestrating the nutritional growth and competence development in KW20. Initially discovered in Escherichia coli, the function of AphA remains however obscure. This study investigates the regulation of E. coli aphA expression under nutrient starvation conditions. Using transcriptional reporters with truncated aphA promoter sequences, we found that starvations of carbon and phosphate, but not amino acid, stimulated aphA expression through distinct promoter regions. Deletions of crp or cyaA abolished aphA expression, confirming their crucial roles. Conversely, CytR deletion increased aphA expression, suggesting CytR's role as a repressor of aphA expression. Additionally, we extended the study of three other second messengers, i.e., cyclic GMP, cyclic UMP, and cyclic CMP, each sharing structural similarities with cAMP. Notably, cGMP competitively inhibits AphAHi's acid phosphatase activity akin to cAMP. In contrast, both cUMP and cCMP stimulate AphAHi's phosphatase activity in a concentration dependent manner. Collectively, these data imply a complicated connection between nucleotide metabolism, AphA, cyclic purine and pyrimidine nucleotides in bacterial nutrient uptake and natural competence.

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环核苷酸第二信使、质周酸性磷酸酶和细菌自然能力的未解之谜。
最近,我们研究了环磷酸腺苷(cAMP)对流感嗜血杆菌 Rd KW20 的三种周质酸性磷酸酶(AphAHi、NadNHi 和 eP4 (HelHi))的竞争性抑制作用。这种抑制作用对于协调 KW20 的营养生长和能力发展至关重要。AphA 最初是在大肠杆菌中发现的,但其功能仍不明确。本研究调查了营养饥饿条件下大肠杆菌 AphA 的表达调控。通过使用截短的 aphA 启动子序列的转录报告,我们发现碳和磷酸盐的饥饿刺激 aphA 的表达,而氨基酸的饥饿刺激则不通过不同的启动子区域。crp或cyaA的缺失会抑制phA的表达,这证实了它们的关键作用。相反,CytR缺失会增加phA的表达,表明CytR在phA表达中起抑制作用。此外,我们还扩展了对其他三种第二信使(即环 GMP、环 UMP 和环 CMP)的研究,每种信使都与 cAMP 具有相似的结构。值得注意的是,cGMP 与 cAMP 类似,能竞争性地抑制 AphAHi 的酸性磷酸酶活性。相反,cUMP 和 cCMP 都能以浓度依赖的方式刺激 AphAHi 的磷酸酶活性。总之,这些数据意味着核苷酸代谢、AphA、环状嘌呤核苷酸和嘧啶核苷酸在细菌营养吸收和自然能力方面有着复杂的联系。
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来源期刊
Microbial Cell
Microbial Cell Multiple-
CiteScore
6.40
自引率
0.00%
发文量
32
审稿时长
12 weeks
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