Hidden seafloor hypoxia in coastal waters

IF 3.8 1区 地球科学 Q1 LIMNOLOGY Limnology and Oceanography Pub Date : 2024-07-23 DOI:10.1002/lno.12607
Jonas Patrik Fredriksson, Karl Attard, Christian Stranne, Inga Monika Koszalka, Ronnie N. Glud, Thorbjørn Joest Andersen, Christoph Humborg, Volker Brüchert
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Abstract

The expansion of transient and permanent coastal benthic anoxia is one of the most severe problems for the coastal ocean globally. We report frequent, hidden hypoxia in the bottom 5 cm of the water column of a coastal site in the central Baltic Sea by continuous high‐resolution profiling of oxygen (O2) directly above the sediment surface. This hypoxia stood in stark contrast to 30‐yr O2 monitoring records at this site that suggest apparent continuous well‐oxygenated conditions. In situ measurements showed highly dynamic conditions in the bottom 30 cm recording frequent gradual and abrupt changes between normoxic (> 63 μmol L−1) and hypoxic (< 63 μmol L−1) conditions that would remain undetectable by conventional bottom water O2 monitoring. The temporal variability of these “hidden” hypoxia is tied to the dynamic current field and to changes in O2 consumption following resuspension events. Our observations suggest that transient benthic hypoxia is much more common than routine monitoring data indicate.
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沿海水域隐藏的海底缺氧现象
瞬时和永久性沿岸底栖缺氧的扩大是全球沿岸海洋面临的最严重问题之一。我们通过对沉积物表面正上方的氧气(O2)进行连续的高分辨率剖面测量,报告了波罗的海中部沿海某地水体底部 5 厘米处经常出现的隐性缺氧现象。这种缺氧现象与该地点 30 年的氧气监测记录形成了鲜明对比,后者表明该地点的氧气条件明显持续良好。原位测量结果表明,底层 30 厘米处的条件高度动态,记录了常氧(> 63 μmol L-1)和缺氧(< 63 μmol L-1)条件之间频繁的渐变和突变,而传统的底层水氧气监测仍无法检测到这些变化。这些 "隐性 "缺氧的时间变化与动态海流场以及再悬浮事件后氧气消耗量的变化有关。我们的观察结果表明,瞬时海底缺氧现象比常规监测数据显示的要普遍得多。
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来源期刊
Limnology and Oceanography
Limnology and Oceanography 地学-海洋学
CiteScore
8.80
自引率
6.70%
发文量
254
审稿时长
3 months
期刊介绍: Limnology and Oceanography (L&O; print ISSN 0024-3590, online ISSN 1939-5590) publishes original articles, including scholarly reviews, about all aspects of limnology and oceanography. The journal''s unifying theme is the understanding of aquatic systems. Submissions are judged on the originality of their data, interpretations, and ideas, and on the degree to which they can be generalized beyond the particular aquatic system examined. Laboratory and modeling studies must demonstrate relevance to field environments; typically this means that they are bolstered by substantial "real-world" data. Few purely theoretical or purely empirical papers are accepted for review.
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