Finding benefits during collective stress: A study of health behaviors in a longitudinal representative U.S. sample during the COVID-19 era.

IF 3.1 2区心理学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY Health Psychology Pub Date : 2024-10-01 Epub Date: 2024-07-25 DOI:10.1037/hea0001394

Dana Rose Garfin, Nickolas M Jones, E Alison Holman, Roxane Cohen Silver

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Abstract

Objective: Cognitive strategies like finding benefits during adversity may facilitate coping during collective stressors (like COVID-19) by reducing distress or motivating health protective behaviors.

Method: We explored relationships between benefit finding, collective- and individual-level adversity exposure, psychological distress, and health protective behaviors using longitudinal data collected during the COVID-19 era from a representative, probability-based sample of U.S. residents: Wave 1 (N = 6,514, March 18, 2020-April 18, 2020, 58.5% completion rate); Wave 2 (N = 5,661, September 26, 2020-October 16, 2020, 87.1% completion rate); Wave 3 (N = 4,881, November 8, 2021-November 24, 2021, 75.3% completion rate); and Wave 4 (N = 4,859, May 19, 2022-June 16, 2022, 75.1% completion rate).

Results: Benefit finding was common; k-means clustering (an exploratory, data-driven approach) yielded five trajectories: always high (15.85%), always low (18.52%), always middle (28.47%), increasing (17.79%), and decreasing (19.37%). Benefit-finding trajectories were generally not strong correlates of psychological distress and functional impairment over time. Rather, benefit finding robustly correlated with health protective behaviors relevant to COVID-19 and the seasonal flu. In covariate-adjusted models, benefit finding positively correlated with more social distancing (β = .24, p < .001) and mask wearing (β = .18, p < .001) at Wave 2 and greater COVID-19 (odds ratio, OR = 1.23, p = .001) and flu (OR = 1.29, p < .001) vaccination at Wave 3.

Conclusions: Although benefit finding was not generally associated with lower psychological distress during a collective stressor, it correlated with engagement in stressor-related health protective behaviors. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).

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在集体压力下寻找益处：COVID-19 时代美国代表性纵向样本健康行为研究。

目的在逆境中寻找益处等认知策略可能会通过减少痛苦或激励健康保护行为来促进在集体压力（如 COVID-19）下的应对：我们利用 COVID-19 期间从具有代表性的、基于概率的美国居民样本中收集的纵向数据，探讨了寻找益处、集体和个人层面的逆境暴露、心理困扰和健康保护行为之间的关系：第 1 波（N = 6,514 人，2020 年 3 月 18 日至 2020 年 4 月 18 日，完成率 58.5%）；第 2 波（N = 5,661 人，2020 年 9 月 26 日至 2020 年 10 月 16 日，完成率 87.1%）；第 3 波（N = 4,881 人，2021 年 11 月 8 日至 2021 年 11 月 24 日，完成率 75.3%）；第 4 波（N = 4,859 人，2022 年 5 月 19 日至 2022 年 6 月 16 日，完成率 75.1%）：受益发现很普遍；k-均值聚类（一种探索性的数据驱动方法）产生了五种轨迹：始终较高（15.85%）、始终较低（18.52%）、始终居中（28.47%）、增加（17.79%）和减少（19.37%）。随着时间的推移，获益轨迹通常与心理困扰和功能障碍没有很强的相关性。相反，受益发现与 COVID-19 和季节性流感相关的健康保护行为密切相关。在协变量调整模型中，受益发现与第 2 波时更多的社交疏远（β = .24，p < .001）和戴口罩（β = .18，p < .001）以及第 3 波时更多的 COVID-19 （几率比，OR = 1.23，p = .001）和流感（OR = 1.29，p < .001）疫苗接种呈正相关：尽管受益发现与集体压力事件中较低的心理压力没有普遍联系，但它与参与压力事件相关的健康保护行为有关。(PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA，版权所有）。

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来源期刊

Health Psychology 医学-心理学

CiteScore

4.90

自引率

2.40%

发文量

170

审稿时长

4-8 weeks

期刊介绍： Health Psychology publishes articles on psychological, biobehavioral, social, and environmental factors in physical health and medical illness, and other issues in health psychology.