A cross-sectional survey of Blastocystis sp. and Dientamoeba fragilis in non-human primates and their caregivers in Czech zoos

IF 4.1 2区 医学 Q1 INFECTIOUS DISEASES One Health Pub Date : 2024-07-22 DOI:10.1016/j.onehlt.2024.100862
Anna Šejnohová , Monika Koutenská , Milan Jirků , Kristýna Brožová , Zuzana Pavlíčková , Oldřiška Kadlecová , Ondřej Cinek , Jenny G. Maloney , Mónica Santín , Klára J. Petrželková , Kateřina Jirků
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Abstract

Intestinal protists in the gut microbiome are increasingly studied, but their basic epidemiology is not well understood. We explored the prevalence, genetic diversity, and potential zoonotic transmission of two protists colonizing the large intestine - Blastocystis sp. and Dientamoeba fragilis - in 37 species of non-human primates (NHPs) and their caregivers in six zoos in the Czech Republic. We analyzed 179 fecal samples (159 from NHPs, 20 from humans) by qPCR. Blastocystis sp. was detected in 54.7% (98/179) of samples, in 24 NHP species and in 57.2% of NHP samples (prevalence ranged between 36 and 80%), and in 35% of human samples (prevalence ranged between 0 and 67%). Using next generation amplicon sequencing, nine Blastocystis subtypes (ST1-ST5, ST7, ST8, and two novel subtypes) were identified. The two new Blastocystis subtypes (named ST47 and ST48) were described using Nanopore sequencing to produce full-length reference sequences of the small subunit ribosomal RNA gene. Some subtypes were shared between NHPs and their caregivers, suggesting potential zoonotic transmission. Mixed subtype colonization was frequently observed, with 52% of sequenced samples containing two or more subtypes. Dientamoeba was found only in NHPs with a prevalence of 6%. This study emphasizes the critical role of molecular diagnostics in epidemiological and transmission studies of these protists and calls for further research to better understand their impact on public health.

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捷克动物园非人灵长类动物及其看护者体内布氏囊虫和脆弱片阿米巴的横断面调查
人们对肠道微生物组中的肠道原生动物的研究越来越多,但对它们的基本流行病学却不甚了解。我们研究了捷克共和国 6 个动物园中 37 种非人灵长类动物(NHPs)及其看护者大肠定植的两种原生动物--sp. 和--的流行率、遗传多样性和潜在的人畜共患病传播。我们通过 qPCR 分析了 179 份粪便样本(159 份来自非人灵长类动物,20 份来自人类)。在 54.7% 的样本(98/179)、24 种非人灵长类动物和 57.2% 的非人灵长类动物样本(流行率介于 36% 和 80% 之间)以及 35% 的人类样本(流行率介于 0% 和 67% 之间)中检测到了 sp.。通过新一代扩增子测序,确定了九个亚型(ST1-ST5、ST7、ST8 和两个新型亚型)。这两个新亚型(分别命名为 ST47 和 ST48)是利用 Nanopore 测序技术获得的小亚基核糖体 RNA 基因全长参考序列。一些亚型在 NHPs 及其看护者之间共享,这表明可能存在人畜共患病传播。经常观察到混合亚型定植,52% 的测序样本含有两种或两种以上亚型。这项研究强调了分子诊断在这些原生动物的流行病学和传播研究中的关键作用,并呼吁开展进一步研究,以更好地了解它们对公共卫生的影响。
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来源期刊
One Health
One Health Medicine-Infectious Diseases
CiteScore
8.10
自引率
4.00%
发文量
95
审稿时长
18 weeks
期刊介绍: One Health - a Gold Open Access journal. The mission of One Health is to provide a platform for rapid communication of high quality scientific knowledge on inter- and intra-species pathogen transmission, bringing together leading experts in virology, bacteriology, parasitology, mycology, vectors and vector-borne diseases, tropical health, veterinary sciences, pathology, immunology, food safety, mathematical modelling, epidemiology, public health research and emergency preparedness. As a Gold Open Access journal, a fee is payable on acceptance of the paper. Please see the Guide for Authors for more information. Submissions to the following categories are welcome: Virology, Bacteriology, Parasitology, Mycology, Vectors and vector-borne diseases, Co-infections and co-morbidities, Disease spatial surveillance, Modelling, Tropical Health, Discovery, Ecosystem Health, Public Health.
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