Chuwen Ye, Yanbo You, Wenjie Li, Tingting Jing, Minghe Mo, Min Qiao, Zefen Yu
{"title":"Diversity of Trichoderma species associated with the black rot disease of Gastrodia elata, including four new species","authors":"Chuwen Ye, Yanbo You, Wenjie Li, Tingting Jing, Minghe Mo, Min Qiao, Zefen Yu","doi":"10.3389/fmicb.2024.1420156","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"Introduction<jats:italic>Trichoderma</jats:italic> species establish symbiotic relationships with plants through both parasitic and mutualistic mechanisms. While some <jats:italic>Trichoderma</jats:italic> species act as plant pathogenic fungi, others utilize various strategies to protect and enhance plant growth.MethodsPhylogenetic positions of new species of <jats:italic>Trichoderma</jats:italic> were determined through multi-gene analysis relying on the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) regions of the ribosomal DNA, the translation elongation factor 1-α (<jats:italic>tef1-</jats:italic>α) gene, and the RNA polymerase II (<jats:italic>rpb2</jats:italic>) gene. Additionally, pathogenicity experiments were conducted, and the aggressiveness of each isolate was evaluated based on the area of the cross-section of the infected site.ResultsIn this study, 13 <jats:italic>Trichoderma</jats:italic> species, including 9 known species and 4 new species, namely, <jats:italic>T. delicatum, T. robustum, T. perfasciculatum</jats:italic>, and <jats:italic>T. subulatum</jats:italic> were isolated from the diseased tubers of <jats:italic>Gastrodia elata</jats:italic> in Yunnan, China. Among the known species, <jats:italic>T. hamatum</jats:italic> had the highest frequency. <jats:italic>T. delicatum</jats:italic> belonged to the Koningii clade. <jats:italic>T. robustum</jats:italic> and <jats:italic>T. perfasciculatum</jats:italic> were assigned to the Virens clade. <jats:italic>T. subulatum</jats:italic> emerged as a new member of the Spirale clade. Pathogenicity experiments were conducted on the new species <jats:italic>T. robustum, T. delicatum</jats:italic>, and <jats:italic>T. perfasciculatum</jats:italic>, as well as the known species <jats:italic>T. hamatum, T. atroviride</jats:italic>, and <jats:italic>T. harzianum</jats:italic>. The infective abilities of different <jats:italic>Trichoderma</jats:italic> species on <jats:italic>G. elata</jats:italic> varied, indicating that <jats:italic>Trichoderma</jats:italic> was a pathogenic fungus causing black rot disease in <jats:italic>G. elata</jats:italic>.DiscussionThis study provided the morphological characteristics of new species and discussed the morphological differences with phylogenetically proximate species, laying the foundation for research aimed at preventing and managing diseases that affect <jats:italic>G. elata</jats:italic>.","PeriodicalId":12466,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Microbiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.0000,"publicationDate":"2024-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Frontiers in Microbiology","FirstCategoryId":"99","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2024.1420156","RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"MICROBIOLOGY","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
IntroductionTrichoderma species establish symbiotic relationships with plants through both parasitic and mutualistic mechanisms. While some Trichoderma species act as plant pathogenic fungi, others utilize various strategies to protect and enhance plant growth.MethodsPhylogenetic positions of new species of Trichoderma were determined through multi-gene analysis relying on the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) regions of the ribosomal DNA, the translation elongation factor 1-α (tef1-α) gene, and the RNA polymerase II (rpb2) gene. Additionally, pathogenicity experiments were conducted, and the aggressiveness of each isolate was evaluated based on the area of the cross-section of the infected site.ResultsIn this study, 13 Trichoderma species, including 9 known species and 4 new species, namely, T. delicatum, T. robustum, T. perfasciculatum, and T. subulatum were isolated from the diseased tubers of Gastrodia elata in Yunnan, China. Among the known species, T. hamatum had the highest frequency. T. delicatum belonged to the Koningii clade. T. robustum and T. perfasciculatum were assigned to the Virens clade. T. subulatum emerged as a new member of the Spirale clade. Pathogenicity experiments were conducted on the new species T. robustum, T. delicatum, and T. perfasciculatum, as well as the known species T. hamatum, T. atroviride, and T. harzianum. The infective abilities of different Trichoderma species on G. elata varied, indicating that Trichoderma was a pathogenic fungus causing black rot disease in G. elata.DiscussionThis study provided the morphological characteristics of new species and discussed the morphological differences with phylogenetically proximate species, laying the foundation for research aimed at preventing and managing diseases that affect G. elata.
期刊介绍:
Frontiers in Microbiology is a leading journal in its field, publishing rigorously peer-reviewed research across the entire spectrum of microbiology. Field Chief Editor Martin G. Klotz at Washington State University is supported by an outstanding Editorial Board of international researchers. This multidisciplinary open-access journal is at the forefront of disseminating and communicating scientific knowledge and impactful discoveries to researchers, academics, clinicians and the public worldwide.