The composition and functional roles of soil autotrophic microorganisms in vegetation restoration of degraded karst forest

IF 2.6 2区 农林科学 Q1 FORESTRY European Journal of Forest Research Pub Date : 2024-07-26 DOI:10.1007/s10342-024-01723-8
Yu Dai, Lipeng Zang, Guangqi Zhang, Qingfu Liu, Mingzhen Sui, Yuejun He, Shasha Wang, Chunjie Zhou, Danmei Chen
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Abstract

Autotrophic microorganisms play a significant role in atmospheric CO2 fixation and soil organic carbon (SOC) sequestration in diverse ecosystems, but little is known about their role in karst forests. To investigate the composition and changes of autotrophic microbial communities during degraded karst forest restoration, the related functional genes and microorganisms from three restoration stages (shrubbery, TG; secondary forest, SG; old-growth forest, OG) were examined through metagenomic sequencing. Their underlying drivers and contributions to SOC were investigated using structural equation modeling (SEM) and regression analysis. Karst forest restoration resulted in the synchronous recovery of above-ground plants and soil conditions. When TG was restored to OG, soil autotrophic CO2 fixation microbes changed significantly, indicated by an increase in microbial functional strength and diversity. Among the six examined functional pathways, the rTCA cycle contributed the most (0.074–0.082%), while the WL pathway contributed the least (0.008–0.010%) to CO2 fixation functions. Except the Calvin cycle, genes involved in the other five pathways showed an increase with karst forest restoration. SEMs further revealed that soil pH and available nitrogen directly drive the increase in microbial autotrophic CO2 fixation functions. In karst forests, autotrophic CO2-fixing microorganisms play a crucial role in enhancing SOC, particularly through the DC/4-HB cycle, 3-HP/4-HB cycle, and WL pathway. Soil microbial communities involved in autotrophic CO2 fixation were predominantly attributed to Proteobacteria (43.02–32.42%) and Actinobacteria (18.83–30.89%), although their contributions varied across different stages. These results highlight the significant contribution of autotrophic microorganisms to the SOC of karst forests and enhance our understanding of the microbial mechanisms behind soil C sequestration.

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退化喀斯特森林植被恢复中土壤自养微生物的组成和功能作用
自养微生物在多种生态系统的大气二氧化碳固定和土壤有机碳(SOC)固存中发挥着重要作用,但人们对它们在喀斯特森林中的作用知之甚少。为了研究退化喀斯特森林恢复过程中自养微生物群落的组成和变化,我们通过元基因组测序研究了三个恢复阶段(灌木林,TG;次生林,SG;原始森林,OG)的相关功能基因和微生物。利用结构方程建模(SEM)和回归分析研究了它们的内在驱动因素和对 SOC 的贡献。喀斯特森林恢复后,地上植物和土壤条件同步恢复。当 TG 恢复到 OG 时,土壤自养型二氧化碳固定微生物发生了显著变化,表现为微生物功能强度和多样性的增加。在所考察的六种功能途径中,rTCA 循环对二氧化碳固定功能的贡献最大(0.074%-0.082%),而 WL 途径对二氧化碳固定功能的贡献最小(0.008%-0.010%)。除卡尔文循环外,其他五种途径的基因都随着喀斯特森林的恢复而增加。扫描电子显微镜进一步发现,土壤pH值和可利用氮直接驱动微生物自养型二氧化碳固定功能的增加。在喀斯特森林中,自养型二氧化碳固定微生物在提高SOC方面起着至关重要的作用,特别是通过DC/4-HB循环、3-HP/4-HB循环和WL途径。参与自养固定 CO2 的土壤微生物群落主要是变形菌(43.02%-32.42%)和放线菌(18.83%-30.89%),尽管它们在不同阶段的贡献率不同。这些结果凸显了自养微生物对喀斯特森林 SOC 的重要贡献,并加深了我们对土壤固碳背后的微生物机制的理解。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
5.10
自引率
3.60%
发文量
77
审稿时长
6-16 weeks
期刊介绍: The European Journal of Forest Research focuses on publishing innovative results of empirical or model-oriented studies which contribute to the development of broad principles underlying forest ecosystems, their functions and services. Papers which exclusively report methods, models, techniques or case studies are beyond the scope of the journal, while papers on studies at the molecular or cellular level will be considered where they address the relevance of their results to the understanding of ecosystem structure and function. Papers relating to forest operations and forest engineering will be considered if they are tailored within a forest ecosystem context.
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