All colloidal supercapattery: colloid@carbon cloth electrodes meet "water‐in‐salt" electrolyte

Abstract

The pursuit of excellent electrochemical performance, nonflammability and environmental friendliness of aqueous batteries and supercapacitors has driven efforts to find high‐energy yet reliable electrode materials and electrolyte solutions. Here, all colloidal supercapattery are developed using high‐concentration "water‐in‐salt" electrolytes (LiTFSI‐KOH) and pseudocapacitive colloid@carbon cloth as both positive and negative electrodes, which showed merits of batteries and supercapacitors. Ni/Co‐colloid @carbon cloth positive and Fe‐colloid @carbon cloth negative electrodes can be synthesized by in situ electrochemical reaction. The maximum operating voltage of an aqueous colloidal supercapattery is 1.8 V, and the energy density can reach 73.98 Wh kg−1 at a power density of 1799.5 W kg‐1. The specific capacitance of the aqueous colloidal supercapattery still maintains 74.3% of the initial after 2000 cycles of charge/discharge measurement. The combination of quasi ion colloidal materials and "water‐in‐salt" electrolyte pave a profound way to achieve high energy and power ability simultaneously at the supercapattery device.