Batteries & Supercaps最新文献

The Front Cover illustrates the five key electrolytes discussed in this Review of green aqueous ion batteries by Y.-E. Sung, S.-H. Yu and co-workers (DOI: 10.1002/batt.202400579). At the center of the illustration is a cylindrical aqueous battery, symbolizing the paper's two major themes: high-energy and low-temperature operation. It is placed in the middle of a green forest, surrounded by hydrogel, eutectic, additive/cosolvent, water-in-salt, and molecular crowding electrolytes.

The Cover Feature showcases the manufacturing journey of solid-state battery composite electrodes, capturing the transition of the microstructure across key stages: slurry, drying, and calendering. It features a modeling workflow for battery cathodes composed of LiNi_0.8Mn_0.1Co_0.1O₂ and Li₆PS₅Cl, unveiling the impact of processing on microstructural evolution, with results validated against experimental data. More information can be found in the Research Article by A. A. Franco and co-workers (DOI: 10.1002/batt.202400709).

The Cover Feature represents the whole ARTISTIC project workflow to optimize battery manufacturing process parameters. Synthetic data (produced by the physics-based manufacturing modeling chain) and experimental data are used to train surrogate models by using different machine learning techniques at the different manufacturing stages: mixing & slurry, coating & drying, calendering, electrolyte filling and performance. Then, optimizers, such as Bayesian, are used to determine the best input parameters to optimize output battery properties. More information can be found in the Concept by A. A. Franco and co-workers (DOI: 10.1002/batt.202400385).

The Cover Feature represents the application of MXene-based ternary hybrids to supercapacitors due to their better physicochemical properties, including high conductivity, expansive surface area, and abundant redox-active sites. The 3D ternary hybrid structure was engineered by combining metallic VSe₂, Ti₃C₂Tx MXene, and carbon nanotubes to overcome the limitations typically encountered with 2D-material-based electrodes in supercapacitor applications. More information can be found in the Research Article by S. M. Jeong, C. S. Rout and co-workers (DOI: 10.1002/batt.202400466).

The Front Cover illustrates the impact of chloride ions on magnesium deposition/dissolution on copper electrodes by using a semi-solid electrolyte based on a metal–organic framework. Chloride ions enhance magnesium dissolution, dissolving the copper surface and forming active sites for magnesium deposition. Galvanostatic cycling induces pitting corrosion and nanoparticle formation. More information can be found in the Research Article by H. K. Hassan, T. Jacob and co-workers (DOI: 10.1002/batt.202400420).

The Cover Feature illustrates the optimized structures for lithium adsorbed on pristine and defective graphdiyne (GDY) nanosheets. The upper part (left) of the picture shows a perfect layer decorated with lithium (green), to the right is a plot of the charge density difference, showing a uniform distribution and a charge transfer from the lithium at one vertex. The lower part presents the structure after introducing a carbon vacancy showing a distortion, charge transfer from Li atoms and an asymmetric charge density difference that moves to the three connecting carbon atoms (blue). More information can be found in the Research Article by A. Juan and co-workers (DOI: 10.1002/batt.202400514).

The Front Cover shows a fully automated sequential robotic experimental setup for the cell fabrication of stacked-type lithium–oxygen rechargeable batteries with a fabrication throughput of over 80 cells per day, which is ten times higher than conventional human-based experiments. The high alignment accuracy during the electrode stacking and electrolyte injection process results in improved battery performance and reproducibility. More information can be found in the Research Article by S. Matsuda and co-workers (DOI: 10.1002/batt.202400509).

The Cover Feature illustrates the advanced fabrication process and structure of flexible micro-supercapacitors (MSCs) with 3D interconnected graphene/carbon nanotube (CNT) composite electrodes. Combining flash lamp annealing (FLA) and laser ablation, this process transforms graphene oxide and CNT films into high-performance, interdigitated MSCs. The resulting devices deliver exceptional energy density, flexibility, and scalability, thus underscoring their potential for flexible electronics and miniaturized energy-storage applications. More information can be found in the Research Article by Y. Myung and T. Y. Kim (DOI: 10.1002/batt.202400557).

We report on the physiochemical behaviour of membranes based on three different polystyrene-b-poly(ethylene oxide)-b-polystyrene (PS-b-PEO-b-PS) block copolymers and an ionic liquid (1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide (EMIMTFSI)) and their use as solid-state electrolytes in supercapacitors. The nanostructured block copolymers form free standing membranes at high ionic liquid uptake with conductivities above 1 mS/cm at 25 °C, keeping ordered morphologies. We used small angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) to propose the correlation between domain spacing, the copolymer chain length (N) and the interaction parameter (χ_eff) in the block copolymers. We explored the potential of the electrolytes in two high voltage (3.0 V) device configurations, first using carbon nanotube (CNT) electrodes, with excellent electrical conductivity and high-rate capability exhibiting a power density of 5.7 KW/kg at 4 A/g, while devices based on high surface area activated carbon exhibited high energy density of 20.7 Wh/kg at 4 A/g. Overall, both devices deliver superior specific energy and power densities than that of commercial state-of-the-art supercapacitors, based on liquid electrolyte. Additionally, the CNT|Solid-state|CNT device displays higher power density compared to the AC|Solid-state|AC device, highlighting its better suitability for high power applications, while the AC|Solid-state|AC device, is better suited for energy density applications.

In this study, the effect of temperature changes on the voltage decay and current behavior of lithium-ion cells is investigated, focusing on a comparison between open-circuit voltage (OCV) measurements and float current $$ measurements. Using our self-developed advanced Floater system, the voltage decay rates $$ from OCV and float current measurements for three different cell types are assessed. Temperature ramps and steps, ranging from 5 °C to 50 °C, are applied to capture the impact of entropic effects and aging mechanisms. Both methods effectively capture aging dynamics, showing strong agreement between ramp and step measurements. Deviations arise only in cases of strong entropy effects due to differences in measurement strategies. The findings confirm that float currents do not introduce additional aging beyond that captured by OCV measurements. The relationship between OCV and float current is governed by differential capacity $$, which varies with cell voltage and temperature. Furthermore, strong deviations from classical differential voltage analysis but high agreement with local pulse measurements are observed, especially at low depths of discharge. This can be explained by the hysteresis effect of graphite. These findings highlight the benefits of high-precision float current measurements in aging studies, particularly in contrast to simpler OCV methods.