Screen-printed electrode-based sensor for rapid ketamine determination: optimization and on-site application for seized drugs analysis

Monatshefte für Chemie / Chemical Monthly Pub Date : 2024-07-25 DOI:10.1007/s00706-024-03237-w

Paweł Stelmaszczyk, Katarzyna Białkowska, Karolina Sekuła, Roman Stanaszek, Renata Wietecha-Posłuszny

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Abstract

This study investigates the electrochemical behavior of ketamine using an in-lab fabricated screen-printed electrode system and explores its potential application in quantitative analysis. Cyclic voltammetry and differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) experiments were employed to characterize the oxidation behavior of ketamine. Systematic optimization of DPV parameters, including pulse amplitude, pulse width, potential step, potential, and time accumulation for analyte preconcentration resulted in the selection of optimal conditions for quantitative analysis. The developed DPV method exhibited excellent linearity (R² = 0.996) over the concentration range of 50–500 µM, with a limit of detection of 15 µM and a limit of quantification of 50 µM. Authentic samples analysis demonstrated the utility of the proposed sensor for quantitative analysis of ketamine in pharmaceutical products and seized drug samples. Overall, the developed sensor offers a promising tool for the rapid and accurate analysis of ketamine in various samples with potential applications in on-site forensic analysis.

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用于快速测定氯胺酮的丝网印刷电极式传感器：优化和在缉获毒品分析中的现场应用

本研究利用实验室内制造的丝网印刷电极系统研究了氯胺酮的电化学行为，并探讨了其在定量分析中的潜在应用。研究采用了循环伏安法和差分脉冲伏安法（DPV）实验来表征氯胺酮的氧化行为。通过系统优化 DPV 参数，包括脉冲幅度、脉冲宽度、电位阶跃、电位和分析物预浓缩的累积时间，为定量分析选择了最佳条件。所开发的 DPV 方法在 50-500 µM 的浓度范围内具有良好的线性关系（R2 = 0.996），检出限为 15 µM，定量限为 50 µM。对真实样品的分析表明，该传感器可用于定量分析药品和缉获毒品样品中的氯胺酮。总之，所开发的传感器为快速准确地分析各种样品中的氯胺酮提供了一种很有前途的工具，在现场法医分析中具有潜在的应用前景。

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Monatshefte für Chemie / Chemical Monthly

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