An Ingenious Heart Rate Estimation Method in Harmonic Background for FMCW Radar

IF 4.5 1区工程技术 Q2 ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques Pub Date : 2024-07-26 DOI:10.1109/TMTT.2024.3430513

Xuefeng Zhou;Shisheng Guo;Guolong Cui;Meiqiu Jiang;Luyuan Shi

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Abstract

The practicality of noncontact vital signs monitoring based on frequency-modulated continuous wave (FMCW) radar in fields such as medical care and health services has become increasingly prominent in recent years. This article investigates the issue of heart rate (HR) susceptibility to respiratory harmonics in FMCW radar vital signs detection. We introduce a vital signs model incorporating harmonics and propose a method to estimate HR by enhancing harmonic components. Specifically, singular spectrum analysis (SSA) is initially applied to reconstruct the signal, suppressing noise components. Subsequently, the impact of respiratory harmonics on HR detection is assessed. Based on this evaluation, consideration is given to employing the first-order backward difference and variable harmonic product spectrum (VHPS) to enhance the third harmonic of the heartbeat signal, indirectly obtaining HR. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed method is validated using real data, achieving an average accuracy of 98.51% in HR detection with a root means square error (RMSE) as low as 1.98 BPM.

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用于 FMCW 雷达的谐波背景下的巧妙心率估计方法

近年来，基于调频连续波（FMCW）雷达的非接触式生命体征监测在医疗卫生等领域的实用性日益突出。本文研究了FMCW雷达生命体征检测中心率对呼吸谐波的敏感性问题。我们引入了一个包含谐波的生命体征模型，并提出了通过增强谐波分量来估计HR的方法。具体来说，奇异谱分析（SSA）最初用于重建信号，抑制噪声成分。随后，评估呼吸谐波对HR检测的影响。在此基础上，考虑利用一阶后向差分变谐波积谱（VHPS）增强心跳信号的三次谐波，间接获得心率。最后，使用实际数据验证了该方法的有效性，在HR检测中平均准确率达到98.51%，均方根误差（RMSE）低至1.98 BPM。

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来源期刊

IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques 工程技术-工程：电子与电气

CiteScore

8.60

自引率

18.60%

发文量

486

审稿时长

6 months

期刊介绍： The IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques focuses on that part of engineering and theory associated with microwave/millimeter-wave components, devices, circuits, and systems involving the generation, modulation, demodulation, control, transmission, and detection of microwave signals. This includes scientific, technical, and industrial, activities. Microwave theory and techniques relates to electromagnetic waves usually in the frequency region between a few MHz and a THz; other spectral regions and wave types are included within the scope of the Society whenever basic microwave theory and techniques can yield useful results. Generally, this occurs in the theory of wave propagation in structures with dimensions comparable to a wavelength, and in the related techniques for analysis and design.