Potential human health risk of the emerging environmental contaminant 6-PPD quinone

IF 8.2 1区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES Science of the Total Environment Pub Date : 2024-07-25 DOI:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.175057

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Abstract

The tire antioxidant 6-PPD has been widely used to enhance tire performance and extend tire lifespan. 6-PPD quinone (6-PPDQ), a quinone derivative derived from 6-PPD in the presence of ozone, has been recognized an emerging environmental contaminant. In addition to causing acute lethality to coho salmon, 6-PPDQ exhibits toxic effects on other aquatic species and mammals. Based on the existing evidence, we provide a critical overview on the human internal exposure, potential adverse effects on health, and prediction of human health risk of 6-PPDQ. 6-PPDQ could be detected in human samples, including human urine, blood, and cerebrospinal fluid. Human exposure to 6-PPDQ in the environment is inevitable and may lead to adverse health effects, including hepatotoxicity, enterotoxicity, pulmonary toxicity, neurotoxicity, reproductive toxicity, and cardiotoxicity. Additionally, potential human health risk to 6-PPDQ through exposure routes and human samples were predicted. This review is helpful to identify the existing knowledge gaps and future research directions regarding the human health effects of 6-PPDQ.

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新出现的环境污染物 6-PPD 醌对人类健康的潜在风险。

轮胎抗氧化剂 6-PPD 已被广泛用于提高轮胎性能和延长轮胎寿命。6-PPD醌（6-PPDQ）是6-PPD在臭氧存在下产生的一种醌衍生物，已被认为是一种新出现的环境污染物。6-PPDQ 除了会导致库氏鲑急性死亡外，还会对其他水生物种和哺乳动物产生毒性作用。根据现有证据，我们对 6-PPDQ 在人体内部的暴露量、对健康的潜在不利影响以及对人体健康风险的预测进行了重要概述。人体尿液、血液和脑脊液等样本中都可检测到 6-PPDQ。人体不可避免地会接触到环境中的 6-PPDQ，并可能对健康造成不良影响，包括肝毒性、肠毒性、肺毒性、神经毒性、生殖毒性和心脏毒性。此外，还通过接触途径和人体样本预测了 6-PDQ 对人体健康的潜在风险。本综述有助于确定有关 6-PDQ 对人类健康影响的现有知识差距和未来研究方向。

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来源期刊

Science of the Total Environment 环境科学-环境科学

CiteScore

17.60

自引率

10.20%

发文量

8726

审稿时长

2.4 months

期刊介绍： The Science of the Total Environment is an international journal dedicated to scientific research on the environment and its interaction with humanity. It covers a wide range of disciplines and seeks to publish innovative, hypothesis-driven, and impactful research that explores the entire environment, including the atmosphere, lithosphere, hydrosphere, biosphere, and anthroposphere. The journal's updated Aims & Scope emphasizes the importance of interdisciplinary environmental research with broad impact. Priority is given to studies that advance fundamental understanding and explore the interconnectedness of multiple environmental spheres. Field studies are preferred, while laboratory experiments must demonstrate significant methodological advancements or mechanistic insights with direct relevance to the environment.