Science of the Total Environment最新文献

Climate change, rapid urbanization and increasing impervious surfaces influence urban flooding and groundwater depletion in developing cities, leading to chronic water scarcity and posing a severe threat to urban water security. These challenges can be addressed through integrated water management strategies that enhance infiltration and aquifer recharge. This study evaluates the application of Aquifer Storage Transfer and Recovery (ASTR) as a Managed Aquifer Recharge (MAR) approach by repurposing 23 abandoned wells to inject stormwater during peak rainfall events. A 5-year, 6-h design storm, along with 14 years of historical data (2009-2023), including groundwater levels, well discharge, rainfall, and evaporation, was used to evaluate the performance of the ASTR system through SWMM and MODFLOW models. The results indicate that the ASTR system can reduce flood volume by up to 5% during a single storm event, and the water table rises by 0.5 m to 12 m over 14 years of historical stress periods on groundwater, depending on the availability of flow and soil conditions at the abandoned well locations. Additionally, the annual groundwater recharge potential is estimated to be up to 1 million m³yearfor Chattogram, Bangladesh. The study highlights the dual benefits of MAR through ASTR: mitigating urban flooding while replenishing aquifers. It demonstrates that abandoned wells can be effectively repurposed for sustainable stormwater management, offering a cost-effective and scalable solution for water-scarce, flood-prone urban environments. This study emphasizes the importance of integrating surface and subsurface hydrologic models in urban planning to improve climate resilience and ensure long-term water security.

Land-use intensification has simplified functional biodiversity in tropical ecosystems, undermining the provision of ecosystem services. Although agroforestry systems (AFS) have been widely promoted as sustainable alternatives to deforestation, it remains unclear how system age influences plant ecological strategies and functional diversity, and how these functional patterns affect the provision of ecosystem services. We evaluated the functional traits and diversity of tree species across eight AFSs in western Amazonia, differing in age. We measured above- and below-ground traits linked to plant ecological strategies, along with ecosystem functions that act as proxies of key ecosystem services. These functions included primary productivity, soil water regulation, soil protection, and nutrient pool, which were linked to regulating ecosystem services following the Common International Classification of Ecosystem Services. We assessed how system age affects functional identity, trait complementarity, and multifunctionality, and how these functional patterns influence these ecosystem functions and, consequently, the provision of regulating ecosystem services. Our findings reveal that the human-driven functional composition of tree communities shifts systematically with AFS age, promoting soil fertility and protection, and aboveground biomass storage, which may reduce external inputs and enhance climate resilience. Also, in long-term AFSs, functional traits converged toward conservative strategies, while above- and below-ground traits remained orthogonal, which support ecosystem multifunctionality and may enhance stability while reducing management costs. Functional identity, particularly traits such as specific leaf area and root tissue diameter, was also related to ecosystem functions, including soil protection and soil water regulation, respectively. These results reinforce the need to consider functional traits in agroforestry planning and policy, which can improve resilience and long-term ecosystem service provision, particularly in degraded tropical areas, strengthening the role of agroforestry in sustainable agriculture.

Fishes are key indicators of ecosystem health and are important food sources for Indigenous peoples. Although fishes have been shown to ingest microplastics (MPs; plastic particles <5 mm long) in localities between the polar regions and equator, very few investigations focus on the drivers of microplastic pollution in Arctic fishes. We investigated MPs in 435 stomachs and gastrointestinal (GI) tracts of 7 freshwater fish species from the Canadian Arctic and tested for correlations with habitat, capture location, surrounding human population, and stomach/GI tract mass. Overall, an average 2.22 ± 3.51 MPs per fish was determined following blank and polymer composition normalizations. Northern pike (Esox lucius) contained the greatest average microplastic abundance (3.59 ± 5.09 MPs/fish), the highest percentage of individuals containing MPs (86%), and as a demersal species, contained significantly more MPs than pelagic and benthic fishes. Fishes captured from the Great Slave Lake location contained significantly more total MPs (mean 3.41 ± 4.40 MPs/fish) than fishes from four other studied locations, which may be explained by the greater human population around Great Slave Lake. Fish captured from lakes on the more remote and sparsely populated Cornwallis Island, however, contained significantly greater micro-fragment concentrations, which suggests that proximity to localized anthropogenic activities can influence microplastic concentrations. We found no relationship between stomach/GI tract mass and microplastic abundance. Our study provides a crucial baseline for long-term monitoring of MPs in Arctic fishes, as it assesses the main factors contributing to microplastic ingestion in over 400 freshwater fish and in multiple fish species at 18 capture sites.