Prospective cohort study of coronary vascular diseases leading to left bundle branch block and its relationship with the age after follow up of five years

Abstract

Background: Left bundle branch block (LBBB) may be due to conduction system degeneration or in the background of myocardial infarction. It can be due to aortic valve disease Myocardial disease may be reflected in the left bundle branch block, or it may be the result of conduction system degeneration. It may also develop due to heart surgery or aortic valve dysfunction, left bundle branch block may occur. Introduction: It is due to a defect in the conduction system of left bundle branch leading to delay or blockade of along the pathway that electrical impulses travel to make the ventricles to beat. Aims and objectives · To find out the percentage of people developing LBBB. · To find out the relationship of age and coronary artery disease leading to LBBB. · To find out the survival of LBBB in various age groups. Methodology: We obtained the data of 294 patients from Rahman Hospital using a questionnaire and evaluated it using SPSS software. The data was gathered according to inclusion and exclusion criteria that determined whether a major cardiac condition like CAD was present or not. Subsequently, SPSS conducted an analysis of the data and determination was drawn. Results and Conclusion: Patients identified and studied were 297 and followed for 5 years, the study revealed that 14 percent of patients had age less than 29, 21.4 % of patients having LBBB were around age 30 to 40 years, 26.9% people of CVD had LBBB aged 50-60 years and people above 60 years having CVD had 32.2% LBBB showing that with increase in age of patient having CVD there is more risk of developing LBBB significantly. The LBBB being carrying poor prognosis, the patients were followed for 5 years, revealed that 40 out of 297 (13%) lived for 6 months, 72 out of 297 (25%) lived for 1 year approximately, 44 out of 297 (15%) lived for more than 2 years, approximately 78 out of 297 lost to follow up or died from another cause shown in the graph, which explains that approximately half of patient dies in the first 6 months of diagnosis, so this has to be taken serious and treated adequately. This research gives us a thorough foundation for comprehending how age and cardiac anomalies interact, allowing for early risk assessment of individuals and a decrease in the disease-to-ratio ratio. This initiative helps us lower risk factors, enhance the local health system, and improve patient lives by promoting routine monitoring.