Effects of school start time and its interaction with the solar clock on adolescents’ chronotype and sleep: A systematic review and meta-analysis

IF 11.2 1区 医学 Q1 CLINICAL NEUROLOGY Sleep Medicine Reviews Pub Date : 2024-07-26 DOI:10.1016/j.smrv.2024.101988
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Abstract

Adolescents' late chronotypes colliding with early school start times (SSTs) are associated with students' unhealthy sleep habits. Most studies comparing different SSTs associate later SSTs with longer sleep duration and lower social jetlag. However, the magnitude of the effect varies between studies and the effect of different SSTs on chronotype is not well established. Importantly, although human circadian rhythms are entrained by sunlight, when studying the effect of different SSTs on adolescents' sleep habits usually only the social clock, and not the solar clock, is considered. This meta-analysis investigates whether later SSTs affect adolescents’ sleep habits and chronotype and it assesses factors that can modulate this effect, including the relative importance of social and solar clocks. Here, through a database search we identify 37 studies comparing the effect of different SSTs on adolescents' sleep habits and/or chronotype. Random effect meta-analyses showed that later SSTs are associated with later sleep timings and longer sleep duration on weekdays, lower levels of social jetlag, and later chronotypes. Several meta-regressions reveal that the distance between compared SSTs and the interplay between SSTs and the solar clock modulate the effect of different SSTs on sleep timings and duration on weekdays.

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开学时间及其与太阳钟的相互作用对青少年时间型和睡眠的影响:系统综述和元分析
青少年的晚年型与较早的开学时间(SST)相冲突,这与学生不健康的睡眠习惯有关。大多数比较不同时间类型的研究都认为,较晚的时间类型与较长的睡眠时间和较低的社会时差有关。然而,不同研究的影响程度各不相同,而且不同的 SST 对时间型的影响也没有得到很好的证实。重要的是,虽然人类的昼夜节律受日光影响,但在研究不同的夏季高温对青少年睡眠习惯的影响时,通常只考虑社会时钟,而不考虑太阳时钟。本荟萃分析调查了较晚的夏季高温是否会影响青少年的睡眠习惯和昼夜节律型,并评估了可以调节这种影响的因素,包括社会时钟和太阳时钟的相对重要性。在此,我们通过数据库搜索确定了 37 项研究,这些研究比较了不同标准时间对青少年睡眠习惯和/或时间型的影响。随机效应荟萃分析表明,较晚的太阳活动时间与较晚的睡眠时间和较长的平日睡眠时间、较低的社会时差水平以及较晚的时间型有关。几项元回归分析表明,所比较的太平洋标准大气压之间的距离以及太平洋标准大气压与太阳时钟之间的相互作用,会调节不同的太平洋标准大气压对平日睡眠时间和睡眠持续时间的影响。
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来源期刊
Sleep Medicine Reviews
Sleep Medicine Reviews 医学-临床神经学
CiteScore
20.10
自引率
3.80%
发文量
107
期刊介绍: Sleep Medicine Reviews offers global coverage of sleep disorders, exploring their origins, diagnosis, treatment, and implications for related conditions at both individual and public health levels. Articles comprehensively review clinical information from peer-reviewed journals across various disciplines in sleep medicine, encompassing pulmonology, psychiatry, psychology, physiology, otolaryngology, pediatrics, geriatrics, cardiology, dentistry, nursing, neurology, and general medicine. The journal features narrative reviews, systematic reviews, and editorials addressing areas of controversy, debate, and future research within the field.
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