Sleep Medicine Reviews最新文献

Non-rapid eye movement (NREM) sleep parasomnias are abnormal motor and/or emotional behaviors originating from "deep" slow-wave sleep and with a multifactorial origin. The relationship between NREM parasomnias and psychopathology has been a topic of ongoing debate, but a comprehensive and systematic perspective has been lacking. This systematic review, conducted according to the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses (PRISMA-P) guidelines, aims to fill this gap in the literature. Databases including PubMed, Scopus, Embase, and Web of Science were searched from their inception until March 2024. Only studies written in English were included. We selected case-control studies that reported either psychopathological or neurodevelopmental data in NREM sleep parasomnias, or NREM sleep parasomnia data across different mental disorders, across children and adults. Our review found that psychopathological and neurodevelopmental issues are common in NREM parasomnias, with a higher prevalence in affected patients compared to non-affected individuals. Additionally, NREM parasomnias are more common among patients with various psychopathological conditions than in the general population. Medications did not significantly bias these results. These findings suggest that psychopathological aspects should become a core focus of research and treatment strategies for NREM parasomnias.

Immigrants face unique challenges and stressors before leaving their country of origin and upon arrival to their host country, all of which may impair their sleep health. We synthesized the literature on pre-and-post migration factors predicting sleep outcomes among foreign-born Latin American immigrants to the United States. Following PRISMA guidelines, we searched three electronic databases: PubMed, PsycINFO, and Web of Science. We supplemented our search using Google Scholar and by manually reviewing reference lists from all included studies and four reviews on similar topics. Out of 2581 references screened, 12 peer-reviewed studies met our inclusion criteria. All studies but one were quantitative. Most were cross-sectional, consisted of adults, relied on self-reported measures of sleep, and had a low risk of bias. Acculturation stress, perceived discrimination and racism, working multiple jobs, as well as poor physical and mental health were the most consistent predictors of poorer sleep health in this population. Being born in Mexico and greater biculturalism were predictors of better sleep health. We discuss gaps in the literature, highlight opportunities for future research, and argue for a more comprehensive examination of how pre-migration experiences impact post-migration sleep health.

Sleep deprivation may have a deleterious effect on inhibitory control; however, this effect is not consistent across studies. To arrive at an overall estimate of the relationship between sleep deprivation and inhibitory control, this report used meta-analysis to summarise the magnitude of the effects of sleep deprivation on inhibitory control as measured by the Go/No-Go and Stop Signal Tasks. These are two widely used tasks in the literature. A systematic search of four databases (APAPsycINFO, Medline, CINAHL and Embase) from their inception to November 2023 identified 24 studies involving 712 healthy individuals. Separate random-effects models were used to estimate the effect size of sleep deprivation on performance in these tasks. The meta-analysis revealed a moderate negative effect of sleep deprivation on inhibitory control in both the Go/No-Go and Stop Signal Tasks. Given the importance of inhibitory control in everyday behaviour, future research should investigate the neural and neurophysiological mechanisms underlying this relationship and explore its impact in clinical populations.

Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) may increase the risk of depression through various hypothesized mechanisms. Studies regarding this relationship with children are limited. This systematic review aims to assess the prevalence of depression in pediatric patients with OSA. Five electronic databases, grey literature, and reference lists of included studies were systematically searched. Studies reporting the prevalence of depression, as described by the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM), psychiatric evaluation or other validated screening measures, in children with OSA diagnosed by polysomnography (PSG), or at high risk for OSA based on positive scores on other validated measures were included. The risk of bias was performed using the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) Checklist for cross-sectional studies. Six studies from three countries and over 2300 pediatric patients were included. This meta-analysis showed an overall 28 % prevalence of depression among children with OSA or at high risk for OSA, which is almost two-fold higher than among children without OSA (controls). Overall, this meta-analysis suggests that around one out of every four children with or at high risk for OSA could have depression, and one in 10 children if OSA has been confirmed by PSG. Screening of OSA in pediatric patients with symptoms of depression and vice versa, screening of depressive symptoms in children with suspected or confirmed OSA, may be valuable areas of focus for multidisciplinary preventative care to optimize psychiatric treatment.

Objective: Patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) may be at increased risk for adverse events during procedural sedation, however, there remains a gap in the literature quantifying these risks. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the risk of peri-procedural adverse events in OSA patients undergoing procedural sedation in ambulatory settings, compared to those without OSA.

Methods: Four databases were systematically searched for studies published from January 1, 2011 to January 4, 2024. The inclusion criteria were: adult patients with OSA undergoing procedural sedation in ambulatory settings, peri-procedural adverse events reported, and control group included. The primary outcome was the incidence of peri-procedural adverse events amongst patients with vs without OSA.

Results: Nineteen studies (27,973 patients) were included. The odds of respiratory adverse events were significantly increased for patients with OSA (OR 1.65, 95 % CI 1.03-2.66, P = 0.04). Furthermore, the odds of requiring an airway maneuver/intervention were significantly greater for patients with OSA (OR 3.28, 95 % CI 1.43-7.51, P = 0.005). The odds of cardiovascular adverse events were not significantly increased for patients with OSA.

Conclusion: Patients with OSA undergoing procedural sedation in ambulatory settings had 1.7-fold greater odds of respiratory adverse events and 3.3-fold greater odds of requiring airway maneuvers/interventions.