Epidemiological Analysis of Deaths for Malignant Bladder Neoplasia in Adults in the Last 4 Years in Brazilian Territory

Abstract

Bladder cancer represents a significant public health concern worldwide, with its incidence and socioeconomic impact standing out as persistent challenges. The objectives of this study were to analyze deaths related to malignant bladder neoplasms in Brazil between 2019 and 2022, conducting an analysis in relation to the age group, sex, and color/race of the patients, with the aim of providing an overview of mortality during this period. This is a cross-sectional, retrospective, descriptive study about deaths related to malignant bladder neoplasms in Brazil from 2019 to 2022. The data were gathered from the Brazilian Unified Health System (DATASUS) in the “Tabnet” section, selecting those that addressed the age group, sex, and color/race of the patient. The information was grouped in the four years in question based on the three variables mentioned and subsequently analyzed to establish an overview of mortality in the period. The period and detailed age group accounted for a total of 10,073 deaths in Brazil. The highest number of deaths occurred in 2022 (26.92%), followed by 2021 (25.68%). There was an increase in total prevalence during the studied period, with the highest rate of increase between the years 2020 and 2021 (6.54%), followed by 4.83% between the years 2021-2022. Comparing 2019 with 2022, there was an increase of 15.60%, with the number of deaths in 2022 equivalent to 26.92% of the entire period studied. There were more deaths among male patients, with more than a 100% difference in prevalence between sexes throughout the entire period. The Caucasian population was the most affected, corresponding to 64.57% of deaths during this period. Therefore, it is possible to understand, based on the epidemiological profile constructed, how deaths related to malignant bladder neoplasms in adults have been established in recent years. Thus, it is noted that mortality has increased, emphasizing the relevance of the problem. It was also possible to outline the most prevalent patient profile, which corresponds to male and Caucasian patients. Therefore, the broad development of measures to mitigate this alarming public health problem becomes relevant in Brazil.